Figure 13

Adding visual feedback to adaptive support. Mean stiffness over the course of the walking trial in which four stroke survivors (A1 (A), A4 (B), A8 (C), and A9 (D)) walked with the impedance-shaping algorithm with (PAV) and without visual feedback (PA). In three patients, the mean stiffness over the last five steps of the last exposure block was significantly lower when the patients received visual feedback. This indicates that 1) these patients improved their performance with the help of the visual feedback and 2) the impedance-shaping algorithm lowered the impedance when the patients improved their performance. *p < 0.05.