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Table 5 List of significant and appreciable effects of baseline validation

From: The effect of directional inertias added to pelvis and ankle on gait

Measure

Parameter

Speed

NL

BSLN

Energetics

-

 

-

-

Gait parameters

Stride length [m]

 

0.67 ± 0.04

0.70 ± 0.05*

1.5 km/h

0.52 ± 0.06

0.58 ± 0.08*

(0.05)

Joint angles

Left plantar flexion RoM [deg]

 

25.2 ± 3.5

28.0 ± 5.4*

LHip flexion RoM [deg]

1.5 km/h

29.8 ± 2.5

31.7 ± 3.7

4.5 km/h

42.0 ± 3.4+

42.4 ± 3.5

Segment Motions

Pos pelvis AP RoM [mm]

1.5 km/h

53.5 ± 10.0

63.5 ± 11.7*

Acc pelvis ML RoM [m/s2]

 

1.50 ± 0.22

1.63 ± 0.29*

Pos HAT AP RoM [mm]

1.5 km/h

41.3 ± 8.9

48.8 ± 9.3*

Pos Left foot RoM [mm]

1.5 km/h

546.71 ± 77.23

612.50 ± 88.64*

(41.23)

EMG

Soleus

 

0.09 ± 0.02

0.09 ± 0.02*

 

Biceps femoris – mid stance

4.5 km/h

0.14 ± 0.05

0.12 ± 0.05*

  1. * Significantly different from NL (p < 0.05).
  2. Bold: change larger than the average intra subject variability given in brackets.
  3. Minimum added inertia is compared with no load; the table lists significant main effects (independent of speed) and significant interaction effects with speed, but only at speeds that were significant in pair wise comparisons.