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Figure 5 | Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

Figure 5

From: Electronic bypass of spinal lesions: activation of lower motor neurons directly driven by cortical neural signals

Figure 5

Stimulation of LMNs from cortical signals in guinea pigs during treadmill walking at 11.1 cm/s. A. One-channel extracellular left hindlimb (LHL) M1 signal (upper) and left forelimb (LFL) EMG signal (lower) during treadmill walking while the stimulator was switched off. B. Movements of LHL and LFL. C. Recordings of M1 (upper) and LFL EMG (lower) signals while the stimulator was switched on. Electrical stimulation was apparent as artifacts in the recording electrodes, indicated by arrows. D. Zoomed view of M1 recording channel. The trigger threshold was set at 0.2 V, indicated by a horizontal arrow. The neural signal triggering electrical stimulation is indicated by an arrowhead. E. Representative 15-s period of M1 and EMG recordings. F. Corresponding LHL and LFL movements.

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