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Table 2 The cut-off thresholds of the dependent variables for the end-point kinematics

From: Changes in performance over time while learning to use a myoelectric prosthesis

Variables

Description

DG

IG

Start reach

X-position and Z-position of the hand on the table

90 < x-position hand < 150 mm

500 < x-position hand > 600 mm & z-position hand < 90 mm

 

The hand is closed at the start

Aperture hand < 30 mm

Aperture hand < 30 mm

 

Velocity of the hand starts to increase

10 < velocity hand < 50 mm/s

10 < velocity hand < 50 mm/s

End reach

The hand must be near the object

390 < x-position hand < 500 mm

0 < distance hand-object < 35 mm

 

Velocity of the hand slows down

0 < velocity hand < 10 mm/s

0 < velocity hand < 20 mm/s

 

Position of the object is not changed (only DG)

z-position object <87 mm

-

Start grasp

Aperture of the hand starts to increase

20 < aperture hand <50 mm

20 < aperture hand < 50 mm

 

Velocity of hand opening starts to increase

Velocity hand opening > 20 mm/s

Velocity hand opening > 20 mm/s

End grasp

Aperture of the hand about size object

65 < aperture hand < 95 mm

65 < aperture hand < 95 mm

 

Velocity of hand closing decreases to 0

0 < velocity hand closing < 15 mm/s

0 < velocity hand closing <15 mm/s

 

Grasp has ended as object starts to move (only DG)

84 < z-position object < 100 mm

-

 

The hand must be near the object

390 < x-position hand < 500 mm

0 < distance hand-object < 35 mm

Start plateau

Aperture is around maximum

90 < aperture hand < 150 mm

80 < aperture hand < 140

 

Velocity of hand opening decreases to 0

0 < velocity hand opening < 20 mm/s

0 < velocity hand opening < 20mm/s

 

Position of object is not changed yet (only DG)

z-position object < 87 mm

-

End plateau

Aperture is around maximum

90 < aperture hand < 150 mm

80 < aperture hand < 140 mm

 

Velocity of hand closing starts to increase

15 < velocity hand closing < 30 mm/s

15 < velocity hand closing < 80 mm/s

 

Position of object is not changed yet (only DG)

z-position object < 87 mm

-

  1. DG: Direct Grasping; IG: Indirect Grasping; Mm: millimeter; s: second.