Table 3 Significant main effects in the learning sessions with an effect size of ≥ .02
From: Changes in performance over time while learning to use a myoelectric prosthesis
|  | Dependent variable | Within/between subject factor |  | Mean (SE) | 95% CI lower–upper | F | p | ηG2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reaching tasks: direct grasping and indirect grasping | Reach time (s) | Session | 1 | 1.49 (.07) | 1.36–1.63 | 5.66 | .00 | .03 |
2 | 1.36 (.05) | 1.25–1.47 | ||||||
3 | 1.33 (.05) | 1.23–1.44 | ||||||
4 | 1.36 (.05) | 1.26–1.47 | ||||||
5 | 1.35 (.06) | 1.23–1.47 | ||||||
Plateau time (s) | Session | 1 | 0.93 (.06) | 0.82–1.04 | 10.43 | .00 | .05 | |
2 | 0.75 (.05) | 0.65–0.85 | ||||||
3 | 0.72 (.04) | 0.64–0.81 | ||||||
4 | 0.78 (.05) | 0.68–0.88 | ||||||
5 | 0.78 (.05) | 0.69–0.88 | ||||||
|  | Object | LO | 0.84 (.04) | 0.76–0.93 | 11.66 | .00 | .02 | |
MO | 0.83 (.05) | 0.73–0.93 | ||||||
HO | 0.77 (.04) | 0.69–0.86 | ||||||
Solid | 0.73 (.05) | 0.63–0.82 | ||||||
Hand close time (s) | Object | LO | 0.79 (.06) | 0.68–0.91 | 35.72 | .00 | .11 | |
MO | 0.73 (.05) | 0.62–0.83 | ||||||
HO | 0.57 (.05) | 0.48–0.69 | ||||||
Solid | 0.49 (.04) | 0.41–0.57 | ||||||
Total grasp time (s) | Session | 1 | 1.98 (.11) | 1.75–2.21 | 8.66 | .00 | .03 | |
2 | 1.72 (.10) | 1.51–1.92 | ||||||
3 | 1.67 (.08) | 1.51–1.83 | ||||||
4 | 1.77 (.09) | 1.59–1.95 | ||||||
5 | 1.77 (.09) | 1.58–1.95 | ||||||
|  | Object | LO | 1.99 (.09) | 1.79–2.18 | 32.54 | .00 | .07 | |
MO | 1.89 (.09) | 1.69–2.09 | ||||||
HO | 1.68 (.09) | 1.50–1.86 | ||||||
Solid | 1.56 (.09) | 1.38–1.74 | ||||||
Mean closing velocity (mm/s) | Object | LO | 84.95 (5.87) | 72.95–96.95 | 13.48 | .01 | .04 | |
MO | 86.02 (6.25) | 73.24–98.80 | ||||||
HO | 86.64 (6.40) | 73.55–99.73 | ||||||
Solid | 109.42 (8.81) | 91.40–127.44 | ||||||
Synchrony at end | Object | LO | 1.55 (.04) | 1.46–1.64 | 20.19 | .00 | .08 | |
MO | 1.51 (.04) | 1.42–1.59 | ||||||
HO | 1.43 (.04) | 1.35–1.51 | ||||||
Solid | 1.34 (.03) | 1.27–1.41 | ||||||
Compression at moment of grasp (mm) | Object | LO | 10.09 (.84) | 8.36–11.82 | 131.35 | .00 | .47 | |
MO | 10.20 (.62) | 8.93–11.47 | ||||||
HO | 1.38 (.21) | 0.96–1.81 | ||||||
Compression during manipulation (mm) | Object | LO | 13.22 (.98) | 11.21–15.22 | 166.78 | .00 | .54 | |
MO | 12.53 (.63) | 11.25–13.82 | ||||||
HO | 1.74 (.23) | 1.27–2.21 | ||||||
Force at moment of grasp (N) | Object | LO | 1.73 (.15) | 1.43–2.02 | 27.12 | .00 | .19 | |
MO | 5.81 (.35) | 5.09–6.54 | ||||||
HO | 7.34 (1.09) | 5.11–9.58 | ||||||
Force during manipulation (N) | Object | LO | 2.26 (.17) | 1.92–2.61 | 32.67 | .00 | .22 | |
MO | 7.14 (.36) | 6.41–7.88 | ||||||
HO | 9.21 (1.22) | 6.72–11.70 | ||||||
Fixation tasks | Fixation force (N) | Object | Case | 41.33 (3.45) | 33.14–49.52 | 25.31 | .00 | .53 |
Sharpener | 45.32 (3.20) | 37.21–52.85 | ||||||
Buttons | 30.22 (4.35) | 19.58–40.85 | ||||||
Ruler | 19.80 (1.82) | 15.36–24.25 | ||||||
|  | Fixation time (s) | Object | Case | 4.97 (.67) | 3.34–6.60 | 15.18 | .00 | .28 |
Sharpener | 5.57 (.87) | 3.43–7.71 | ||||||
Buttons | 6.83 (.50) | 5.62–8.04 | ||||||
Ruler | 9.06 (.90) | 6.87–11.25 |