Table 4 Safety, feasibility and effectiveness of exergaming interventions

Assad et al.[25]

n/s

5/13 participants reported having success during the game and this was the main reason for having fun. 3/13 subjects criticized the game for not having clear goals. Participants like the fairy tale theme to the game and most would play the game with their children or grandchildren.

n/s

n/s

n/s

n/s

Zettergren et al.[22]

n/s

n/s

Sun Salutation, Half Moon, Chair, Rowing, Squats, Torso Twist, Penguin Slide, Table Tilt, Balance Bubble, Free Step.

n/s

Berg Balance Scale, Timed up and Go, Gait Speed.

n/s

Pompeu et al.[21]

n/s

n/s

Static balance (Single leg extension and Torso Twist), Dynamic balance (Table Tilt, Tilt City, Soccer Heading, and Penguin Slide), Stationary gait (Rhythm Parade, Obstacle Course, Basic Step and Basic Run).

Improvements retained

UPDRS-II, Berg Balance Scale, Unipedal stance eyes open, Unipedal stance eyes closed, Montreal Cognitive, Assessment.

Improvements retained

Mendes et al.[20]

n/s

n/s

Similar learning curve for 7 Wii fit games in PD compared to controls (Table tilt, Rhythm parade, Tilt city, Single leg extension, Basic step, Torso twist, Penguin slide), yet did not learn the fast and complex games as well as the controls (Obstacle course, Basic run plus, Soccer heading).

Improvements retained

Functional reach test.

Improvements retained

Esculier et al.[19]

First home session supervised by research staff to ensure safe and effective training.

55% of liked the games very much, 33% liked it and 17% were neutral, and no subject disliked playing the Wii. Favourite games included; Ski Jump, Ski Slalom and Table Tilt.

n/s

n/s

Timed up and go, Sit to Stand, Unipedal and bipedal standing balance, 10 m walking speed, Community Balance and Mobility Assessment (CBM), Tinetti Performance Orientated Mobility Assessment (POMA).

n/s

Mhatre et al.[23]

Exercise sessions were supervised and a balance bar was available if needed during gaming

n/s

n/s

n/s

Berg Balance Scale, Dynamic gait index, postural sway (eyes open static and dynamic).

n/s

Hertz et al.[24]

n/s

n/s

n/s

n/s

Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Test (NEADL) post intervention, PDQ decrease in ADL, emotion, communication, bodily discomfort.

NEADL decreased post intervention. PDQ mobility, ADL and emotion remained improved at 4 weeks post intervention.

UPDRS motor scores decreased from baseline to post intervention and remained decreased at 4 weeks post intervention.

UPDRS motor scores, timed tapping test (right side only), Purdue score (left side only), 9-hole peg test (right side only), and time up and go (TUG).