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Table 4 Results of walking assessment test

From: A biofeedback cycling training to improve locomotion: a case series study based on gait pattern classification of 153 chronic stroke patients

 

Leg

PRE

POST

FU

P *

P *

(pre vs post)

P *

(pre vs fu)

P *

(post vs fu)

S1

        

   Stance Time

P

64 (2)

63 (2)

65 (3)

0.43

   

   [%stride]

H

70 (2)

72 (2)

71 (3)

0.48

   

   Swing Time

P

36 (2)

37 (2)

35 (3)

0.43

   

   [%stride]

H

30 (2)

28 (2)

29 (3)

0.48

   

   Stride Time

P

1896(121)

1754 (38)

1764(129)

0.10

   

   [ms]

H

1880 (84)

1742(100)

1770(125)

0.13

   

   Stride Length

P

859 (18)

817 (26)

845 (34)

0.29

   

   [mm]

H

820 (25)

812 (51)

872 (40)

0.07

   

   Swing Velocity

P

1.27(0.08)

1.28(0.04)

1.40(0.14)

0.11

   

   [m/s]

H

1.47(0.05)

1.67(0.15)

1.69(0.13)

0.03

0.07

0.04

0.95

   Mean Velocity [m/s]

 

0.44(0.03)

0.47(0.01)

0.49(0.03)

0.07

   

   ST Ratio

 

0.92(0.04)

0.89(0.03)

0.92(0.04)

0.32

   

   SV Ratio

 

0.86(0.05)

0.77(0.09)

0.83(0.11)

0.30

   

S2

        

   Stance Time

P

48 (4)

54 (2)

53 (2)

0.03

0.04

0.02

0.76

   [%stride]

H

79 (8)

69 (1)

66 (3)

0.01

0.04

0.10

0.97

   Swing Time

P

52 (4)

46 (2)

47 (2)

0.03

0.04

0.02

0.76

   [%stride]

H

21 (8)

31 (1)

34 (3)

0.01

0.04

0.10

0.97

   Stride Time

P

1870(206)

1400 (96)

1663 (93)

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.96

< 0.01

   [ms]

H

2402(515)

1528(101)

1630 (79)

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.03

0.90

   Stride Length

P

637 (46)

745 (31)

630 (13)

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.16

< 0.01

   [mm]

H

619 (72)

788 (37)

666 (20)

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.50

0.03

   Swing Velocity

P

0.66(0.27)

1.12(0.07)

0.81(0.07)

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.16

< 0.01

   [m/s]

H

1.37(0.25)

1.66(0.14)

1.21(0.07)

0.02

0.05

0.50

0.02

   Mean Velocity [m/s]

 

0.31(0.04)

0.5 (0.03)

0.40(0.01)

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.04

< 0.01

   ST Ratio

 

0.57(0.05)

0.72(0.03)

0.83(0.05)

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.02

   SV Ratio

 

0.53(0.14)

0.70(0.06)

0.67(0.03)

0.02

0.05

0.20

0.92

S3

        

   Stance Time

P

57 (2)

56 (2)

55 (3)

0.38

   

   [%stride]

H

68 (3)

65 (1)

65 (2)

0.04

0.05

0.14

0.91

   Swing Time

P

43 (2)

44 (2)

45 (3)

0.38

   

   [%stride]

H

32 (3)

35 (1)

35 (2)

0.04

0.05

0.14

0.91

   Stride Time

P

1264 (52)

1333 (84)

1297 (24)

0.24

   

   [ms]

H

1324 (55)

1332 (68)

1357 (77)

0.76

   

   Stride Length

P

986 (30)

1016 (59)

1012 (87)

0.42

   

   [mm]

H

1026 (19)

1053 (50)

1088 (69)

0.20

   

   Swing Velocity

P

1.82(0.14)

1.74(0.13)

1.73(0.05)

0.53

   

   [m/s]

H

2.45(0.27)

2.25(0.16)

2.31(0.26)

0.38

   

   Mean Velocity [m/s]

 

0.78(0.04)

0.78(0.06)

0.78(0.04)

0.93

   

   ST Ratio

 

0.80(0.04)

0.87(0.05)

0.81(0.07)

0.15

   

   SV Ratio

 

0.75(0.09)

0.78(0.07)

0.76(0.09)

0.79

   
  1. Values: Mean (SD)
  2. * P: Significance level of one way ANOVA (p < 0.05) - Post-hoc: Scheffè
  3. P indicates the paretic side; H, the healthy one.