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Table 3 Spatio-temporal and kinematic parameters of the study groups.

From: Effects of obesity and chronic low back pain on gait

 

OLG

OG

CG

d'

Spatio-temporal parameters

%stance (% gait cycle)

63.44 (1.24)* +

61.99 (1.00)

59.45 (1.45)

1.30

Double stance phase (% gait cycle)

26.54 (2.44)+

25.01 (2.14)+

23.60 (3.65)

0.67

Step length

0.34 (0.06)*+

0.38 (0.06)+

0.88 (0.21)

1.08

Cadence (step/min)

113.67 (5.99)

111.29 (8.28)

111.80 (4.80)

0.32

Velocity (1/s)

0.69 (0.07)+

0.71 (0.09)+

0.79 (0.07)

0.27

Hip joint (°)

HFE-ROM

42.99 (5.84)

42.89 (4.35)

43.52 (4.76)

0.02

HAA-ROM

15.12 (2.60)*+

18.78 (1.81)+

10.71 (3.06)

1.66

Knee joint (°)

KIC

3.27 (3.87)

4.23 (3.89)

4.06 (6.63)

0.25

KmSt

-2.63 (3.94)

-0.13 (4.23)

0.12 (3.82)

0.61

KMSw

52.23 (6.72)* +

58.12 (3.22)

59.01 (6.18)

1.19

KFE-ROM

55.26 (6.45)*+

58.16 (5.41)

60.28 (6.31)

0.55

Ankle joint (°)

AIC

-3.51 (3.03)

1.28 (2.15)

1.81 (4.87)

1.85

AMSt

10.51 (1.17)*+

14.52 (2.98)

13.04 (5.16)

1.45

AmSt

-14.32 (4.81)+

-17.08 (5.06)+

-11.74 (9.40)

0.54

ADP-ROM

27.95 (4.21)

30.55 (5.89)

22.72 (6.56)

0.59

AMSw

2.81 (2.54)* +

5.05 (1.85)

5.63 (4.93)

1.02

Hip Power (W/Kg)

    

HPMax

2.41 (1.73)* +

1.05 (0.54)+

0.67 (0.37)

1.20

Ankle Power (W/Kg)

    

APmin

-1.05 (0.21)+

-0.98 (0.19)+

-0.50 (0.29)

0.37

APMax

2.84 (0.64)+

3.05 (0.61)+

3.75 (0.86)

0.34

  1. Data are expressed as mean (standard deviation).
  2. * = p < 0.05, OLG compared to OG; + = p < 0.05, OLG and OG compared to CG
  3. (ROM: Range Of Motion; PT: Pelvic Tilt; PO: Pelvic Obliquity; HIC: Hip at IC; HFE: Hip Flex-Extension; HAA: Hip Ab-Adduction; KIC: Knee at IC; KFE: Knee Flex-Extension; AIC: Ankle at IC; ADP: Ankle Dorsi-Plantarflexion; AP: Ankle Power; HP: Hip Power; IC: Initial Contact; St: Stance; Sw: Swing; M and Max: maximum value; m and min: minimum value). Cohen effect Size d' is calculated to estimate the difference between OLG and OG.