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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the studied sample of participants according to the tertiles of stride-to-stride variability of stride time (STV) while walking alone (n = 78)

From: Gait control: a specific subdomain of executive function?

 

Tertiles of STV

P-Value*

 

Lowest

(n = 26)

Intermediate

(n = 26)

Highest

(n = 26)

Overall

Lowest

versus intermediate

Lowest

versus highest

Intermediate

versus highest

Age (years), mean ± SD

70.0 ± 1.0

69.7 ± 0.7

69.8 ± 0.8

0.510

-

-

-

Female, n (%)

9 (34.6)

21 (80.8)

16 (61.5)

0.003

0.001

0.052

0.126

BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD

24.8 ± 2.6

25.6 ± 3.3

26.6 ± 4.4

0.187

-

-

-

Number of drugs taken daily, mean ± SD

2.0 ± 1.5

2.5 ± 2.0

2.7 ± 2.5

0.406

-

-

-

Falls during the past year, n (%)

2 (7.7)

11 (42.3)

9 (34.6)

0.014

0.004

0.017

0.569

Education level† (years), mean ± SD

11.8 ± 3.3

10.9 ± 3.2

11.8 ± 3.7

0.550

-

-

-

Executive subdomain performance

       

   Digit Span score‡, mean ± SD

15.5 ± 3.6

13.5 ± 3.2

12.7 ± 2.3

0.004

0.060

0.004

1.000

   Ratio score TMTB/TMTA#, mean ± SD

2.1 ± 0.6

2.2 ± 0.6

2.0 ± 0.5

0.486

-

-

-

   Ratio score Stroop Part III/ Part I, mean ± SD

2.9 ± 0.8

3.2 ± 0.8

3.2 ± 1.6

0.530

-

-

-

  1. BMI: Body mass index
  2. TMTA: Trail Making Test A
  3. TMTB: Trail Making Test B
  4. * Comparison based on oneway ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test with Bonferroni corrections or Chi-square test, as appropriate
  5. †: Assessed with the number of years at school
  6. ‡: Total number of digits that a subject can absorb and recall in correct forward and backward serial orders after hearing them
  7. #: Times to "connect-the-dots" as quickly as possible of 25 consecutive targets on a sheet of paper; part A the targets are numbers, and part B alternated numbers and letters
  8. : Ratio score Stroop Color Word test Part III/ Part I (Part I corresponding to time to name color, and part III corresponding to time to name the color of incongruent color words)
  9. P significant (< 0.05) indicated in bold.