Visual | Auditory | AudioVisual | Description | |
---|---|---|---|---|
feedback (VF) | feedback (VF) | feedback (VF) | ||
NASA TLX | AF < VF | AF > AVF | VF > AVF | Higher perceived workload in VF modality followed very closely by the AF modality |
Alpha Band | AF > VF* | AF > AVF | VF < AVF | Higher attentional demand in VF modality |
Beta Band | AF < VF | AF < AVF | VF > AVF | Similar cognitive demand in all modalities. |
HR | AF < VF | AF > AVF | VF > AVF** | Significantly higher Task difficulty and attentional demand in VF modality |
HRV | AF > VF | AF > AVF | VF < AVF | No significant difference were found between modalities |
SCL | AF < VF | AF < AVF | VF < AVF | No significant arousal during the tests |
SCR | AF < VF | AF < AVF | VF < AVF | No significant arousal during the tests |
Respiration Rate | AF > VF** | AF > AVF** | VF < AVF | Couldn’t be related to mental effort |