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Table 2 Experimental clinical outcome measures (median [interquartile range]) at baseline and 8 weeks for both the intervention and control group

From: Robot-supported upper limb training in a virtual learning environment : a pilot randomized controlled trial in persons with MS

 

Intervention group (n = 9)

Control group (n = 8)

 

Pre

Post

∆

p

Pre

Post

∆

p

Motricity Index, 0–100

72.0 [59.0–76.0]

64.0 [60.0–83.0]

−8

ns

66.0 [50.8–70.5]

59.5 [46.3–77.8]

−6.5

ns

Hand grip strength (kg)

21.3 [12.0–23.3]

21.0 [10.7–23.3]

−0.3

ns

16.3 [11.7–19.5]

17.0 [11.3–19.0]

0.7

ns

Fugl Meyer, 0–66

52.0 [43.0–62.0]

52.0 [43.0–63.0]

0

ns

55.0 [40.0–57.5]

56.0 [40.0–59.0]

1

ns

 

Distal score, 0–24

20.0 [17.0–23.0]

19.0 [18.0–23.0]

−1

ns

19.5 [16.5–21.8]

20.0 [16.8–21.8]

0.5

ns

 

Proximal score, 0–42

33.0 [27.0–38.0]

32.0 [25.0–39.0]

−1

ns

33.0 [25.0–36.5]

34.0 [25.0–36.5]

1

ns

Action Research Arm test , 0–57

40.0 [20.0–41.0]

38.0 [27.0–47.0]

−2

ns

36.0 [28.5–41.0]

35.0 [27.5–44.0]

−1

ns

Motor Activity Log, 0–10

5.3 [2.1–8]

5.2 [4.3–7.1]

−0.1

ns

2.1 [1.5–4.7]

2.0 [0.7–5.1]

−0.1

ns

 

Amount of use, 0-5

3.0 [1.2–3.8]

3.0 [2.5–3.5]

0

ns

1.2 [0.9–2.5]

1.0 [0.5–2.6]

−0.2

ns

 

Quality of movement, 0-5

2.3 [1.0–4.0]

2.4 [1.8–2.9]

0.1

ns

0.9 [0.7–2.1]

0.9 [0.3–2.4]

0

ns

  1. Values reported are median and [interquartile range]; p = p-values, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. For all outcome measures, a higher score indicates a better upper limb performance. A positive delta indicates an improvement of the score after training compared to baseline and vice versa for a negative sign