Table 2 Spatiotemporal characteristics at baseline and changes from baseline at mid, post and follow up assessments
Gait Parameter | FTST | SMA | p value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mid | Post | 3Mo. Follow up | Mid | Post | 3Mo. Follow up | ||
Velocity (Cm/s) | |||||||
Self-Selected Velocity (SSV)- Baseline | 64.61 ± 2.75 | 69.91 ± 3.03 | 0.205 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 5.17 ± 1.59 | 24.1 ± 5.07 | 10.25 ± 3.22 | 8.87 ± 2.59 | 17.41 ± 2.23 | 19.16 ± 4.37 | |
Fast Velocity (FV) - Baseline | 88.74 ± 3.79 | 95.51 ± 4.25 | 0.243 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 12.14 ± 3.12 | 20.13 ± 3.37 | 18.28 ± 3.12 | 17.62 ± 3.13 | 27.80 ± 3.17 | 20.96 ± 4.45 | |
Cadence (Steps/min) | |||||||
SSV trial- Baseline | 90.20 ± 2.81 | 88.42 ± 2.50 | 0.638 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 2.59 ± 1.41 | 7.71 ± 2.27 | 3.0 ± 2.03 | 4.18 ± 1.4 | 7.25 ± 1.19 | −1.4 ± 6.22 | |
FV trial - Baseline | 104.89 ± 3.28 | 104.99 ± 3.94 | 0.845 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 4.77 ± 2.22 | 8.89 ± 2.13 | 5.19 ± 2.57 | 8.94 + 1.84 | 13.17+ 2.47 | 11.75 + 2.52 | |
Step Time (sec) | |||||||
SSV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 0.82 ± 0.03 | 0.754 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.02 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.02 | −0.04 ± 0.02 | −0.04 ± 0.01 | −0.08 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.02 | |
SSV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 0.55 ± 0.02 | 0.56 ± 0.02 | 0.796 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.01 ± 0.01 | −0.04 ± 0.01 | −0.01 ± 0.01 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | −0.04 ± 0.01 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | |
FV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.69 ± 0.02 | 0.68 ± 0.03 | 0.950 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.03 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.02 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | −0.08 ± 0.01 | −0.07 ± 0.01 | |
FV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 0.49 ± 0.02 | 0.49 ± 0.02 | 0.869 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.02 ± 0.01 | −0.03 ± 0.01 | −0.03 ± 0.01 | −0.04 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | −0.04 ± 0.01 | |
Stance Time (sec) | |||||||
SSV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.87 ± 0.03 | 0.86 ± 0.03 | 0.801 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.03 ± 0.02 | −0.08 ± 0.02 | −0.05 ± 0.02 | −0.05 ± 0.02 | −0.09 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.02 | |
SSV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 1.03 ± 0.03 | 1.03 ± 0.03 | 0.975 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.04 ± 0.02 | −0.09 ± 0.02 | −0.06 ± 0.02 | −0.06 ± 0.02 | −0.05 ± 0.02 | −0.09 ± 0.02 | |
FV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.72 ± 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.02 | 0.415 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.03 ± 0.02 | −0.07 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.02 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | −0.09 ± 0.01 | −0.07 ± 0.01 | |
FV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 0.86 ± 0.03 | 0.84 ± 0.03 | 0.715 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.04 ± 0.02 | −0.08 ± 0.02 | −0.07 ± 0.02 | −0.08 ± 0.01 | −0.11 ± 0.01 | −0.08 ± 0.01 | |
Swing Time (sec) | |||||||
SSV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.49 ± 0.02 | 0.52 ± 0.02 | 0.204 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.002 ± 0.01 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | −0.003 ± 0.01 | −0.016 ± 0.01 | −0.026+ 0.01 | −0.016+ 0.02 | |
SSV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 0.32 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.108 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 0.005 + 0.004 | −0.004 + 0.01 | 0.011 ± 0.01 | 0.001 + 0.004 | 0.002 ± 0.01 | 0.013 ± 0.01 | |
FV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 0.472 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.01 ± 0.01 | −0.02 ± 0.01 | −0.10 ± 0.02 | −0.03 ± 0.01 | −0.04 ± 0.01 | −0.13 ± 0.02 | |
FV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 0.31 ± 0.01 | 0.33 ± 0.01 | 0.135 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.001 ± 0.01 | −0.004 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | −0.01 ± 0.006 | −0.01 ± 0.01 | −0.01 ± 0.02 | |
Double Support Time (sec) | |||||||
SSV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.55 ± 0.02 | 0.52 ± 0.02 | 0.337 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.04 ± 0.01 | −0.08 ± 0.02 | −0.06 ± 0.02 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | −0.1 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | |
SSV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 0.55 ± 0.02 | 0.51 ± 0.02 | 0.288 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.04 ± 0.01 | −0.08 ± 0.02 | −0.06 ± 0.02 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | −0.1 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | |
FV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 0.41 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.02 | 0.234 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.03 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | −0.08 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | |
FV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 0.41 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.02 | 0.238 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.03 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | −0.06 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | −0.08 ± 0.01 | −0.05 ± 0.01 | |
Step Length (cm) | |||||||
SSV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 48.09 ± 1.6 | 50.37 ± 2.19 | 0.411 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 2.41 ± 0.79 | 4.89 ± 1.19 | 3.55 ± 1.57 | 4.21 ± 1.08 | 8.55 ± 1.14 | 6.27 ± 1.14 | |
SSV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 38.36 ± 1.95 | 44.26 ± 2.13 | 0.051 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 2.28 ± 0.66 | 5.95 ± 1.26 | 6.43 ± 1.46 | 3.11 ± 0.86 | 6.54 ± 1.33 | 4.97 ± 1.76 | |
FV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 55.98 ± 0.19 | 58.70 ± 2.43 | 0.389 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 4.07 ± 0.96 | 5.69 ± 1.30 | 5.68 ± 1.68 | 5.13 ± 0.94 | 7.96 ± 1.12 | 2.18 ± 3.93 | |
FV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 46.05 ± 2.10 | 51.92 ± 2.38 | 0.073 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 4.30 ± 1.07 | 7.29 ± 1.49 | 8.51 ± 1.83 | 4.12 ± 0.96 | 7.20 ± 1.28 | 3.66 ± 1.76 | |
Stride Length (cm) | |||||||
SSV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 86.83 ± 2.93 | 94.76 ± 3.89 | 0.124 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 4.72 ± 1.21 | 10.61 ± 2.28 | 10.13 ± 2.95 | 8.14 ± 1.94 | 15.31 ± 2.15 | 11.67 ± 2.59 | |
SSV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 86.80 ± 2.89 | 95.01 ± 3.88 | 0.135 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 4.72 ± 1.13 | 10.79 ± 2.27 | 10.02 ± 2.89 | 7.18 ± 1.78 | 14.93 ± 2.12 | 11.42 ± 2.67 | |
FV trial - Impaired side Baseline | 102.49 ± 3.14 | 110.86 ± 4.47 | 0.124 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 8.24 ± 1.77 | 12.9 ± 2.48 | 13.93 ± 3.21 | 9.47 ± 1.78 | 15.17 ± 2.22 | 9.997 ± 2.67 | |
FV trial - Non impaired side Baseline | 102.42 ± 3.14 | 111.09 ± 4.46 | 0.129 | ||||
Change from Baseline | 8.35 ± 1.80 | 12.75 ± 2.38 | 14.10 ± 3.22 | 8.98 ± 1.57 | 15.06 ± 2.09 | 9.85 ± 2.81 | |
Spatial Asymmetry | |||||||
SSV trial- Baseline | 1.37 ± 0.08 | 1.25 ± 0.05 | 0.204 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.03 ± 0.05 | −0.08 ± 0.04 | −0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.002 ± 0.02 | −0.01 ± 0.04 | −0.06 ± 0.04 | |
FV trial - Baseline | 1.33 ± 0.07 | 1.19 ± 0.05 | 0.053 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.07 ± 0.03 | −0.1 ± 0.04 | −0.09 ± 0.04 | −0.002 ± 0.02 | −0.01 ± 0.03 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | |
Temporal Asymmetry | |||||||
SSV trial- Baseline | 1.52 ± 0.05 | 1.50 ± 0.04 | 0.758 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.03 ± 0.02 | −0.04 ± 0.03 | −0.06 ± 0.02 | −0.04 ± 0.02 | −0.08 ± 0.02 | −0.08 ± 0.04 | |
FV trial - Baseline | 1.44 ± 0.04 | 1.41 ± 0.04 | 0.654 | ||||
Change from Baseline | −0.02 ± 0.03 | −0.05 ± 0.03 | −0.04 ± 0.03 | −0.05 ± 0.02 | −0.08 ± 0.03 | −0.04 ± 0.03 | |