Fig. 1

The experimental set up using the rear-wheel drive power wheelchair driven by a remote joystick showing an example of a tip event. The Hybrid III dummy was positioned in the chair and was either unrestrained or belted with a lap belt. The curb height was adjusted using manual jacks under the platform. Lines on the platform guided the operator to different approach angles. The dynamics of each experiment were captured using eight optical tracking cameras mounted around the test structure using reflective markers attached to the dummy and the wheelchair