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Table 2 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics for Kinematic variables

From: Sequencing bilateral robot-assisted arm therapy and constraint-induced therapy improves reach to press and trunk kinematics in patients with stroke

Kinematic variables

Pretreatment

Posttreatment

ANCOVA

 

RT + mCIT

RT

RT + mCIT

RT

F

P

Partial η 2

 

(n = 17)

(n = 17)

(n = 17)

(n = 17)

   

Endpoint coordinate strategy variables

       

 Index MT (ms)

2.53 ± 1.22

2.17 ± 1.59

2.32 ± 1.28

1.84 ± 0.99

0.89

.35

0.03

 Index Dist (mm)

252.28 ± 54.84

241.68 ± 49.17

264 ± 48.06

242.61 ± 59.74

0.94

.34

0.03

 Index PV (mm/ms)

705.7 ± 279.54

724 ± 201.91

700.42 ± 231.40

847.84 ± 224.96

5.63

.02*

0.15

 Index PPV (%)

26.7 ± 18.46

22.12 ± 12.93

25.87 ± 13.77

22.34 ± 14.62

0.35

.56

0.01

Angular coordinate strategy variables

       

 MaxShFlex (degree)

33.22 ± 25.02

27.16 ± 15.84

32.36 ± 19.52

29 ± 18.31

0.01

.91

<0.001

 MaxShAbd (degree)

44.98 ± 18.29

40.19 ± 14.39

39.6 ± 16.45

45.4 ± 13.39

6.10

.02*

0.16

 MaxElbExt (degree)

87.43 ± 17.98

88.54 ± 17.2

94.01 ± 18.43

84.5 ± 14.73

4.48

.04*

0.13

Trunk compensatory variables

       

 Trunk MT (ms)

2.66 ± 1.27

2.21 ± 1.63

2.54 ± 1.44

1.86 ± 1.07

1.58

.22

0.05

 Trunk Dist (mm)

95.6 ± 51.22

83.12 ± 34.15

82.76 ± 30.09

91.02 ± 30.98

5.23

.03*

0.14

 Trunk PV (mm/ms)

129.01 ± 64.14

122.98 ± 41.89

126.48 ± 49.91

147.01 ± 43.96

4.51

.04*

0.13

 MaxTrunkFlex (degree)

10.72 ± 6.69

10.38 ± 5.77

9.54 ± 5.27

13.03 ± 5.39

7.13

.01*

0.19

  1. NOTE: Values are mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05
  2. Abbreviations Dist distance, MaxElbExt maximal angle of elbow extension, MaxShAbd maximal angle of shoulder abduction, MaxShFlex maximal angle of shoulder flexion, MaxTrunkFlex maximal angle of trunk flexion, mCIT a modified form of constraint-induced therapy, MT movement time, PPV percentage of movement time where peak velocity occurs, PV peak velocity, RT robot-assisted therapy