Fig. 5From: Robotic quantification of upper extremity loss of independent joint control or flexion synergy in individuals with hemiparetic stroke: a review of paradigms addressing the effects of shoulder abduction loadingExample of a reaching distance trial at 50 % of maximum voluntary torque for shoulder abduction. The participant’s maximum reaching distance noted by the red asterisk is short of the reaching target indicating the impact of loss of independent joint control on reaching range of motionBack to article page