Global cognitive function and processing speed are associated with gait and balance dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease

Table 3 Correlation of Gait and Balance Domains with Global Cognitive Function^a

	MDRS
	r	p
Gait – Pace
Gait cycle time, sec	−0.613	0.034
Cadence, steps/min	0.627	0.029
Stride velocity, % height/sec	0.816	0.001
Stride length, % height	0.687	0.014
RoM leg, degrees	0.687	0.014
Gait – Arm & trunk Movement
Arm peak velocity, deg/s	0.637	0.026
Arm swing RoM, deg	0.007	0.983
Asymmetry arm swing RoM, %	−0.193	0.549
ROM trunk frontal plane, deg	0.455	0.137
RoM trunk sagittal plane, deg	0.235	0.463
RoM trunk horizontal plane, deg	0.312	0.324
Gait – Dynamic Stability
Double support time, % of gait cycle	−0.504	0.094
Stance time, % of gait cycle	−0.504	0.094
Turning
Peak velocity, deg/s	0.682	0.010
Duration, sec	−0.806	0.001
Mean step time, sec	−0.354	0.259
Number of steps, n	−0.830	0.001
Postural sway
Sway RMS AP, m/s²	−0.558	0.047
Sway RMS ML, m/s²	−0.644	0.018
Mean velocity AP, m/s	−0.074	0.809
Mean velocity ML, m/s	−0.726	0.005
Centroidal frequency AP, Hz	−0.297	0.324
Centroidal frequency ML, Hz	−0.242	0.426

^aBolded measures indicate measures that remained significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction
MDRS Mattis dementia rating scale, ROM range of motion, RMS root mean square of acceleration time series, AP anteroposterior, ML mediolateral, centroidal frequency (variability of acceleration traces power ranging from 0 to 1)