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Table 1 Mean interaction force per movement phase during the predictable partnered stepping task

From: Small forces that differ with prior motor experience can communicate movement goals during human-human physical interaction

 

Movement phases

 

Initiation (INT)

Forward (FWD)

Backward (BKW)

Change Direction (CD)

Expert-Expert (EE)

-5.27 ± 2.09 N

-4.17 ± 1.09 N

3.38 ± 1.29 N

-3.18 ± 0.99 N

Expert-Novice (EN)

-2.59 ± 1.29 N

-1.43 ± 0.90 N

2.49 ± 1.69 N

-0.66 ± 0.99 N

Novice-Novice (NN)

-1.81 ± 0.99 N

-0.84 ± 1.09 N

1.99 ± 1.69 N

0.43 ± 0.69 N

  1. Negative values are compression and positive values are tension
  2. See text for significance values