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Table 2 Mean interaction force per movement phase during the unpredictable partnered stepping task

From: Small forces that differ with prior motor experience can communicate movement goals during human-human physical interaction

 

Movement phases

 

Initiation (INT)

Forward (FWD)

Backward (BKW)

Change Direction (CD)

Expert-Expert (EE)

-9.04 ± 1.53 N

-13.4 ± 2.01 N

14.1 ± 2.25 N

-3.49 ± 1.23 N

Expert-Novice (EN)

-6.12 ± 1.58N

-7.38 ± 3.13 N

6.83 ± 2.61 N

-0.87 ± 1.15 N

Novice-Novice (NN)

-5.20 ± 1.41 N

-4.06 ± 1.83 N

2.89 ± 1.64 N

-0.92 ± 1.07 N

  1. Negative values are compression and positive values are tension
  2. See text for significance values