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Table 1 Characteristics of participants

From: A muscle-driven approach to restore stepping with an exoskeleton for individuals with paraplegia

 

Subject A

Subject B

Subject C

Sex

M

M

M

Age (years)

54

56

59

Weight (kg)

64

92

79

Height (cm)

175

193

175

Injury Level

T4

T11

T4

AIS

AIS A

AIS B

AIS B

Time Since Injury (years)

32

7

8

Time Since Implant (years)

31

4

4

Stimulation Boards Used

Two percutaneous

One IST-16 and one bipolar surface

One IST-16 and one IRS-8

Type of electrode

(# of electrodes)

Percutaneous intramuscular (16)

Intramuscular (8)

Nerve cuff (2)

Surface (2)

Intramuscular (18)

Nerve cuff (6)

Muscles Stimulated

PA, GM, VI, VM, VL, QD, TFL, ST, GR, TA

PA, GM, ME, HS, QD, WD

PA, GM, ME, HS, QD, TFLa, STa, IL, TA

  1. AIS American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale, C cervical, GM gluteus maximus, GR gracilis, HS hamstrings, IL iliopsoas, ME gluteus medius, PA posterior portion of adductor magnus, QD quadriceps, ST sartorius, T thoracic, TA tibialis anterior, TFL tensor fasciae latae, VI vastus intermedius, VM vastus medialis, VL vastus lateralis, WD withdrawal reflex
  2. aRight side only