Fig. 1

A schematic representation of the experimental protocols. Rest: rest period, Prep: preparation period, Task: task period (motor execution, motor imagery, or relax). a Experiment 1 in which participants performed movement execution (finger pinching or elevation of the shoulder girdle) during the task period. When the word ‘Go’ was presented on the computer monitor, participants executed a movement that was specified during the preparation period. b Experiment 2 in which participants performed motor imagery (finger pinching or elevation of the shoulder girdle) or remained relaxed without any imagery during the task period. When participants performed imagery of movements, the magnitude of ERD was fed-back on the computer monitor