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Table 2 Overview of mean relative differences (mDIFF), mean standard error of the mean (mSEM), goodness of fit (GOF) and Akaike information criterium (AIC) for each combination of sensitivity functions and models fitted on simulated data

From: Assessment of the underlying systems involved in standing balance: the additional value of electromyography in system identification and parameter estimation

 

mDIFF (%)

mSEM

GOF (%)

AIC

Basica

ACTb

Ka

Basica

ACTb

Ka

BS

T

MA

 

Fitted model without activation dynamics

BS

22.4

–

–

0.10

–

–

99.5

–

–

−1.34

T

22.2

–

–

0.11

–

–

–

99.4

–

−1.36

BS + T

22.2

–

–

0.08

–

–

99.5

99.4

–

−0.94

Fitted model with activation dynamics

BS

28.0

47.6

–

1.76

0.44

–

99.7

–

–

−1.43

T

27.6

47.9

–

1.66

0.42

–

–

99.5

–

−1.45

BS + T

23.3

59.4

–

0.46

0.26

–

99.7

99.5

–

−1.11

BS + MA

47.4

30.9

–

1.94e12

0.27

–

93.5

–

85.6

1.88

T + MA

47.5

30.9

–

2.19e12

0.28

–

–

90.9

85.6

1.88

BS + T + MA

48.2

31.0

–

2.01e12

0.22

–

96.2

95.2

81.6

2.02

Fitted model with activation dynamics and acceleration feedback

BS + MA

15.0

0.8

15.4

0.08

0.09

0.07

99.5

–

98.7

−0.41

T + MA

15.1

0.8

15.4

0.08

0.09

0.07

–

99.3

98.7

−0.43

BS + T + MA

13.1

0.7

13.9

0.07

0.08

0.07

99.6

99.5

98.5

−0.25

  1. BS body sway, T ankle torque, MA muscle activation, ACT activation dynamics, K a acceleration feedback
  2. aBasic parameters consist of intrinsic dynamics, reflexive dynamics, time delay and proprioceptive weight
  3. bActivation dynamics parameters consist of the relative damping and eigenfrequency