Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants
|  | NMES-BAT (n = 19) | TENS-BAT (n = 19) | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean years ± SD) | 58.89 ± 11.93 | 62.61 ± 9.59 | 0.30 |
Gender (male: female) | 13: 6 | 12: 7 | 0.73 |
Type of stroke (ischemic: hemorrhagic) | 9: 10 | 9: 10 | 1.00 |
Side of hemiplegia (right: left) | 10: 9 | 7: 12 | 0.52 |
Dominant hand (right: left) | 18: 1 | 18: 1 | 1.00 |
Time since stroke (mean months ± SD) | 31.89 ± 55.59 | 33.47 ± 51.94 | 0.93 |
Brunnstrom stage-Upper limb, median | |||
-Proximal part (range) | 5 (3–5) | 5 (4–5) | 0.29 |
-Distal part (range) | 5 (1–5) | 5 (1–5) | 0.70 |
Mini Mental State Examination | 28.63 ± 1.61 | 28.74 ± 1.70 | 0.85 |
Shoulder subluxationa, n (%) | 9 (47%) | 8 (42%) | 0.74 |