Fig. 7

Toe clearance and the impact of gait-related movements. The impacts on toe clearance by each movement were calculated as the vertical displacement (mm) due to each movement. The toe clearance consists of components of limb shortening and compensatory movements (a). The effect of an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) on compensatory movements (b, b’). The impacts of compensatory movements and its components of compensatory movements (pelvic obliquity on paretic side, non-paretic hip elevation, and foot elevation due to circumduction) were quantified (b, b’). The effect of limb shortening, comprising two components, was quantified. The ankle component and knee component were estimated separately to determine the effect of the AFO (c, c’)