Table 11 Effects on ankle kinematics and gait pattern of impaired patients after training with a PAFO
Ref. | PAFO training | Comparison | Cadence | Walking speed | Asymmetry | Ankle RoM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kim, 2007 [59] (Hem) | 4 weeks | pre-/post- N U and P walking | ↑ by 4% in P, similar in N | ↑ by 35% in P ↑ by 27% in N | in step length: ↓ by 45% in P and 85% in N | / |
Kim, 2011 [58] (Hem) | 4 weeks | pre-/post- N U and P walking | ↑ by 5% in P and by 2% in N | ↑ by 38% in P ↑ by 27% in N | in step length: ↓ by 28% in P and 80% in N | / |
Ward, 2007 [62] (Str) | 8 weeks | 6 min walk: pre-/post- N | / | 10 months training pre-PAFO: increased by 225% (plateau reached); 2 months training PAFO increased by extra 48% (linear increase) | / | Better kinematics with PAFO than without, even if circumduction because of bulkiness PAFO |
3 meters walk: pre-/post- N | results in line with training pre-PAFO | |||||
timed up and go: pre-/post- N | results in line with training pre-PAFO | |||||
Ward, 2011 [60] (Str) | 3 weeks | pre-/post- P walking | ↑ by 6%-13%, (depending on the subject) | / | / | ↑ RoM by 32%-338% (depending on the subject) |