Table 2 Novel system measurement results by participant group (N = 13). CV, coefficient of variation; ^†Values based on n = 12

Measure

Task

Mean

Mean

p-val

Mean

Mean

p-val

(units)

(SD)

(SD)

(SD)

(SD)

Force

Finger Flexion

78.3

2.94

< 0.001

6.8

40.1

< 0.001

(N)^†

(22.7)

(2.49)

(2.3)

(25.3)

Finger Extension

17.3

1.23

< 0.001

12.7

71.1

< 0.001

(N)^†

(5.42)

(1.99)

(5.2)

(34.6)

Wrist Flexion

5.41

0.89

< 0.001

14.7

27.4

0.009

(Nm)

(2.46)

(0.75)

(4.0)

(18.2)

Wrist Extension

3.24

1.27

< 0.001

12.4

25.7

0.002

(Nm)

(1.29)

(0.98)

(4.6)

(12.8)

Handle Pronation

6.36

1.76

< 0.001

8.3

31.4

0.015

(Nm)

(2.37)

(1.36)

(2.9)

(33.2)

Handle Supination

4.58

1.10

< 0.001

8.0

21.0

0.013

(Nm)

(1.71)

(0.67)

(3.5)

(16.5)

Doorknob Pronation

3.63

0.30

< 0.001

10.3

60.7

< 0.001

(Nm)

(1.14)

(0.28)

(3.6)

(44.9)

Doorknob Supination

3.51

0.38

< 0.001

11.6

28.6

< 0.001

(Nm)

(1.40)

(0.32)

(5.9)

(13.3)

Range of Motion

Wrist Flexion

81.3

56.5

0.027

4.0

8.4

0.11

(°)

(5.56)

(26.7)

(2.7)

(7.8)

Wrist Extension (°)

71.9 (8.36)

48.5 (20.9)

0.002

2.7 (1.3)

7.6 (7.1)

0.026

Handle Pronation

104.1

95.9

0.92

4.5

6.5

0.87

(°)

(12.6)

(36.9)

(2.4)

(4.4)

Handle Supination

74.0

56.8

0.051

5.3

4.3

0.31

(°)

(14.5)

(24.2)

(1.6)

(2.4)

Doorknob Pronation

107.1

94.7

0.72

4.4

21.7

0.12

(°)

(20.9)

(41.5)

(2.4)

(36.7)

Doorknob Supination

72.1

56.7

0.25

5.4

36.8

0.13

(°)

(19.8)

(35.1)

(2.4)

(69.7)