| VR + TAU |  | TAU |  | Group effect on pre-post difference score (t or U, p)c | Group effect on pre-test to follow-up difference score (t or U, p)c | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary Outcomea | Pre-test | Post-test | Follow-up | Pre-post difference scoreb | Effect size db | Pre-test | Post-test | Follow-up | Pre-post difference scoreb | Effect size db | ||
Motor | ||||||||||||
 BBT-MAH | 21.8 (12.8) | 39.1 (14.5) | 40.8 (15.5) | 17.3 (8.6), p < 0.001 | 1.3 | 21.5 (8.1) | 29.8 (11.2) | 30.9 (11.5) | 8.4 (5.3), p < 0.001 | 0.9 | 21.50, 0.008* | 23.00, 0.011* |
 BBT-LAH | 45.1 (7.9) | 57.6 (5.4) | 60.6 (5.6) | 12.5 (7.7), p = 0.001 | 1.9 | 44.5 (8.3) | 50.9 (8.2) | 50.9 (7.8) | 6.5 (5.7), p = 0.004 | 0.8 | 2.05, 0.054 | −3.44, 0.003* |
 BBT Total | 66.9 (14.1) | 96.7 (12.6) | 101.4 (14.7) | 29.8 (11.5), p < 0.001 | 2.2 | 65.9 (10.3) | 80.7 (11.9) | 81.8 (11.4) | 14.8 (7.8), p < 0.001 | 1.3 | 3.52, 0.002* | 9.50, < 0.001* |
Cognitive | ||||||||||||
 MoCA | 18.4 (2.50) | 24.8 (2.6) | 25.4 (2.6) | 6.40 (1.3), p < 0.001 | 2.5 | 19.2 (4.0) | 21.4 (3.6) | 21.8 (3.5) | 2.2 (0.9), p = 0.004 | 0.6 | 0.50, < 0.001* | − 7.41, < 0.001* |
 GMLT Errors | 107.8 (12.3) | 87.5 (9.5) | 76.1 (10.5) | 20.3 (8.4), p < 0.001 | 1.9 | 110.6 (14.7) | 108.0 (13.2) | 101.1 (14.5) | 2.5 (6.1), p = 0.198 | 0.2 | −5.57, < 0.001* | 4.32, < 0.001* |
 Set Shift Errors | 64.9 (10.1) | 46.9 (6.2) | 33.3 (7.0) | 18.0 (10.3), p < 0.001 | 2.2 | 64.6 (12.7) | 61.0 (11.5) | 58.9 (12.6) | 3.5 (6.1), p = 0.082 | 0.3 | −3.95, 0.001* | 7.43, < 0.001* |