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Table 3 Average error for models with input features of either ground reaction forces or EMG signals when estimating energy expenditure during all conditions in the dataset for a new subject

From: Rapid energy expenditure estimation for ankle assisted and inclined loaded walking

Dataset

Model

Forcesa

EMGb

Assisted

Linear Regression

8.7%

9.4%

 

Neural Network

8.1%

9.2%

Incline-load

Linear Regression

12.5%

31.6%

 

Neural Network

11.5%

23.9%

  1. aThe model’s input features were restricted to only include the ground reaction forces, excluding the EMG signals
  2. bThe model’s input features were restricted to only include the EMG signals, excluding the ground reaction forces