|
Age (in years)
|
71.7 ± 4.2
|
72.1 ± 4.4
|
71.3 ± 3.9
|
0.08
|
|
Weight (in kilograms)
|
57.8 ± 9.8
|
52.8 ± 7.7
|
64.1 ± 8.5
|
< 0.001
|
|
Height (in meters)
|
1.57 ± 0.09
|
1.51 ± 0.05
|
1.64 ± 0.06
|
< 0.001
|
|
Body mass index (in kg/m2)
|
23.4 ± 2.9
|
23.2 ± 3.0
|
23.7 ± 2.8
|
0.14
|
|
Medical history, n (%)
|
|
Hypertension
|
83 (40.3)
|
83 (40.3)
|
70 (42.4)
|
0.75
|
|
Diabetes
|
18 (8.7)
|
18 (8.7)
|
19 (11.5)
|
0.39
|
|
Heart disease
|
18 (8.7)
|
18 (8.7)
|
23 (13.9)
|
0.13
|
|
Respiratory disease
|
14 (6.8)
|
14 (6.8)
|
9 (5.5)
|
0.67
|
|
Older-old adult (aged ≥75 years), n (%)
|
96 (25.4)
|
63 (30.0)
|
33 (19.6)
|
0.02
|
|
Impaired lower-extremity strength (5CS > 11.1 s), n = 376, n (%)
|
43 (11.4)
|
20 (9.6)
|
23 (13.7)
|
0.25
|
|
Impaired balance (tandem test < 3 s), n = 369, n (%)
|
38 (10.3)
|
24 (11.7)
|
14 (8.5)
|
0.39
|
|
Fall history in the previous year (faller), n = 377, n (%)
|
65 (17.2)
|
47 (22.5)
|
18 (10.7)
|
0.003
|
|
FoF (yes), n = 372, n (%)
|
96 (25.8)
|
78 (37.7)
|
18 (10.9)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Walking speed (in meters/second)
|
1.40 ± 0.20
|
1.41 ± 0.18
|
1.40 ± 0.21
|
0.67
|
|
Mean stride time (in seconds)
|
0.98 ± 0.08
|
0.95 ± 0.07
|
1.02 ± 0.08
|
< 0.001
|
|
% swing time
|
41.9 ± 2.3
|
41.9 ± 2.2
|
41.9 ± 2.4
|
0.94
|
|
CV of stride time, %
|
1.97 ± 1.00
|
1.97 ± 1.03
|
1.98 ± 0.95
|
0.87
|
|
CV of swing time, %
|
3.11 ± 1.54
|
3.04 ± 1.49
|
3.20 ± 1.60
|
0.29
|
|
AC-VT
|
0.86 ± 0.09
|
0.86 ± 0.10
|
0.86 ± 0.08
|
0.77
|
|
AC-ML
|
0.69 ± 0.14
|
0.70 ± 0.15
|
0.67 ± 0.13
|
0.03
|
|
AC-AP
|
0.85 ± 0.09
|
0.86 ± 0.10
|
0.85 ± 0.08
|
0.40
|
|
HR-VT
|
3.37 ± 0.87
|
3.40 ± 0.87
|
3.33 ± 0.88
|
0.44
|
|
HR-ML
|
2.26 ± 0.67
|
2.38 ± 0.69
|
2.11 ± 0.60
|
< 0.001
|
|
HR-AP
|
3.66 ± 1.01
|
3.87 ± 1.02
|
3.39 ± 0.94
|
< 0.001
|
