Development and validation of Comprehensive Gait Assessment using InerTial Sensor score (C-GAITS score) derived from acceleration and angular velocity data at heel and lower trunk among community-dwelling older adults

Table 2 Reference values based on quartiles for each gait parameter in the Comprehensive Gait Assessment using InerTial Sensor (C-GAITS) score

	Score	Walking speed	Mean stride time	CV of stride time	CV of swing time	AC-VT	AC-ML	AC-AP	HR-VT	HR-ML	HR-AP
Women	3	≥ 1.54	≤ 0.89	≤ 1.20	≤ 1.80	≥ 0.93	≥ 0.82	≥ 0.93	≥ 3.88	≥ 2.75	≥ 4.37
	2	1.43–1.53	0.90–0.93	1.21–1.72	1.81–2.87	0.89–0.92	0.72–0.81	0.88–0.92	3.32–3.87	2.37–2.74	3.76–4.36
	1	1.28–1.42	0.94–0.98	1.73–2.54	2.88–3.88	0.82–0.88	0.61–0.71	0.81–0.87	2.79–3.31	1.88–2.36	3.16–3.75
	0	≤ 1.27	≥ 0.99	≥ 2.55	≥ 3.89	≤ 0.81	≤ 0.60	≤ 0.80	≤ 2.78	≤ 1.87	≤ 3.15
Men	3	≥ 1.53	≤ 0.95	≤ 1.37	≤ 2.00	≥ 0.92	≥ 0.77	≥ 0.91	≥ 3.85	≥ 2.43	≥ 3.88
	2	1.40–1.52	0.96–1.01	1.38–1.69	2.01–2.89	0.88–0.91	0.67–0.76	0.86–0.90	3.16–3.84	1.99–2.42	3.25–3.87
	1	1.25–1.39	1.02–1.06	1.70–2.40	2.90–4.20	0.83–0.97	0.59–0.66	0.81–0.85	2.69–3.15	1.62–1.98	2.75–3.24
	0	≤ 1.24	≥ 1.07	≥ 2.41	≥ 4.21	≤ 0.82	≤ 0.58	≤ 0.80	≤ 2.68	≤ 1.61	≤ 2.74

CV: coefficient of variation, AC: autocorrelation coefficient, VT: vertical, ML: mediolateral, AP: anteroposterior, HR: harmonic ratio