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Table 2 Paired t- test p-values and Cohen’s d values for comparison of VC and ES IZ row number at different contraction levels and stimulus intensities: p-value (Cohen’s d value)

From: Innervation zone distribution of the biceps brachii muscle examined using voluntary and electrically-evoked high-density surface EMG

Contraction Levels

40% Imax

60% Imax

80% Imax

100% Imax

20% MVC

0.351 (0.35)

0.267(0.43)

0.270(0.42)

0.270(0.42)

40% MVC

0.067(0.76)

0.060(0.79)

0.065(0.81)

0.056(0.81)

60% MVC

0.012(1.18)

0.007(1.32)

0.006(1.37)

0.007(1.37)

80% MVC

0.007(1.32)

0.005(1.45)

0.004(1.48)

0.004(1.48)

100% MVC

0.019(1.08)

0.019(1.09)

0.015(1.13)

0.015(1.13)

  1. Entries in boldface indicate a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05)