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Fig. 4 | Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

Fig. 4

From: Time-dependent tuning of balance control and aftereffects following optical flow perturbation training in older adults

Fig. 4

Effects of prolonged exposure to optical flow perturbations on antagonist leg muscle coactivations. Group average (±standard error) percent coactivation between (a) vastus lateralis (VL) and medial hamstring (MH), b tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (MG), and c tibialis anterior and soleus (SOL) during the stance and swing phases of strides taken during the perturbation session in older adults. The repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects across the perturbation session (baseline, early, late, post) for all outcome measures (p-values≤0.020). Single asterisks (*) indicate significantly different from baseline values in older adults (p < 0.05). Double asterisks (**) indicate significantly different between early and late time points for prolonged exposure in older adults (p < 0.05). We also note differences approaching significance between early and late for TA-SOL coactivation during swing (p = 0.066) (a)

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