Skip to main content

Table 1 Isotropic electrical conductivities of tissues in the human trunk model

From: Cervical trans-spinal direct current stimulation: a modelling-experimental approach

Tissue

σ (S/m)

Reference

Skin

0.435

[17]

Fat

0.040

[18]

Muscle

0.355 (av)

[39]

Lungs

0.046 (av)

[39]

Heart

0.535 (av)

[47],

[18]

Viscera (liver, pancreas, stomach, small and large intestine, air)

0.123 (av)

[47],

[29],

[18]

Vertebrae/Bone

0.006

[18]

Intervertebral disks

0.200

[18]

Dura mater

0.030

[46]

CSF

1.790

[3]

Brainstem / Spinal roots

0.154

[18]

Cerebellum

0.290 (av)

[10], [18]

Spinal-WM

0.143

[18]

Spinal-GM

0.333

[18]