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Table 1 Activity descriptions, items used in the activity and associated smartphone assessments for the activity

From: Harnessing smartphone technology and three dimensional printing to create a mobile rehabilitation system, mRehab: assessment of usability and consistency in measurement

Activity Name

Activity Instructions preceding each workout

3D item/app

Smartphone assessments

Vertical bowl

With two hands, move the bowl onto the top of the box and wait for me to count. Then return the bowl to the table and wait for me to count again.

Bowl with app

Repetition, duration, NJS

Horizontal bowl

Move the bowl with two hands from one side of the panel to the other. Set the bowl on the table and wait for me to count. Then, move the bowl again.

Bowl with app

Repetition, duration, NJS

Vertical mug

Move the mug onto the top of the box and wait for me to count. Then return the mug to the table and wait for me to count again.

Mug with app

Repetition, duration, NJS

Horizontal mug

You will move the mug from one side of the panel to the other. Set the mug on the table and wait for me to count. Then, move the mug again.

Mug with app

Repetition, duration, NJS

Sip from mug

Lift the mug from the table and bring it close to your mouth as if you are going to take a sip. Hold it there until I tell you to stop.

Mug with app

Repetition, duration, ZCR

Quick twist mug

Hold the mug in front of you in an upright position. As quickly as you can turn your hand outward and then return to the upright position.

Mug with app

Repetition, duration, ZCR

Slow pour

Hold the mug in front of you. Pretend to slowly pour-out water as if you are pouring into a water bottle. If you pour too quickly, I will say “You are pouring too quickly”. When you hear this warning, go back to upright position and start pouring slowly.

Mug with app

Repetition, duration, ZCR

Walk with mug

The app says “Stand up and pick up the mug with one hand. Walk forward at a comfortable pace till I tell you to stop”. During training, the user is explained that if they spill any (pretend) fluid from the mug, they will hear a spilling sound. They should straighten their mug and continue walking. The app times the user to walk for 10 s and then says “walk complete”, then gives a 5 s rest and then begins second repetition.

Mug with app

Repetition, duration, NJS

Unlock with key

With the key in contact with the phone screen, rotate the key clockwise and wait for me to count. Then rotate it counterclockwise, and wait for me to count again.

Key with app

Repetition, duration, ZCR

Turn door knob

With the door knob in contact with the phone screen, rotate the door knob clockwise and wait for me to count. Then rotate it counterclockwise, and wait for me to count again.

Door knob with app

Repetition, duration, ZCR

Phone number

Hold the phone in your hand. Type the phone number shown on the screen as quickly and accurately as possible.

App

Repetition, duration, accuracy

Quick tap

Tap all the blue circles as quickly as possible. Use multiple fingers if you can.

App

Repetition, duration, accuracy