Skip to main content

Table 1 Participant Information

From: Movement kinematics and proprioception in post-stroke spasticity: assessment using the Kinarm robotic exoskeleton

Ā 

No Spasticity

(Nā€‰=ā€‰35)

Spasticity

(Nā€‰=ā€‰35)

Age (years)a

62.8 (27ā€“87)

56.5 (18ā€“78)

Sex (M/F)

25/10

24/11

Handedness pre-stroke (L/R/A)

3/31/1

3/32/0

Affected side of body (L/R)

16/19

20/15

Time post stroke (months)a

6.28 (1ā€“14.5)

14.73 (2ā€“154)

Time to intake (days)a

13.7 (4ā€“34)

19.7 (2ā€“39)

CMSA affected arm (at intake)b

3 (2ā€“5)

3 (2ā€“5)

ā€ƒScores:

[2 3 4 5]

[2 3 4 5]

ā€ƒ# of participants:

[4 11 15 5]

[4 11 15 5]

MAS (flexors, at time of robotic assessment)b

0

1.5 (1ā€“3)

ā€ƒScores:

Ā 

[1 1+ā€‰ 2 3]

ā€ƒ# of participants:

Ā 

[13 10 9 3]

  1. Abbreviations: MAS Modified Ashworth Scale, CMSA Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment (arm), adata presented as mean (range); bdata presented as median (range). The median MAS score of 1.5 represents an actual score of 1+. Time to intake refers to the amount of time between the stroke and CMSA testing, which was completed at their intake into clinic