Effects of extended stance time on a powered knee prosthesis and gait symmetry on the lateral control of balance during walking in individuals with unilateral amputation

Table 3 Lateral Balance Measures

		None	L1	L2	L3	Percent Change	Feedback Main Effect		Effect Size
Lateral margin of stability (cm)	prosthetic side	5.71 (1.18)^ab	5.91 (1.02)^a	5.61 (1.31)^bc	5.30 (1.15)^c	−7%	F = 12.31	p < 0.001	0.71
	intact side	4.92 (1.18)	5.02 (1.26)	4.79 (1.29)	4.65 (1.17)	−5%	F = 2.07	p = 0.145
Stride width (cm)		19.4 (2.6)	19.7 (2.3)	19.9 (2.9)	20.5 (3.2)	6%	F = 0.59	p = 0.634
M-L COM excursion (cm)		5.96 (0.83)^b	5.97 (0.89)^b	6.58 (0.97)^ab	7.05 (1.22)^a	18%	F = 4.22	p = 0.024	0.45
Hip abductor activity (normalized, integrated EMG)	prosthetic side	0.17 (0.07)^b	0.17 (0.06)^b	0.19 (0.07)^ab	0.21 (0.06)^a	25%	F = 6.69	p = 0.004	0.57
	intact side	0.17 (0.11)^ab	0.16 (0.10)^b	0.19 (0.12)^ab	0.20 (0.13)^a	18%	F = 2.83	p = 0.071	0.36

The first four columns summarize the group mean and standard deviation of the testing conditions. The fifth column is the percent change between the first and last condition, i.e. None and L3. The sixth column is the one-way ANOVA results for the main effect of feedback, with bold font denoting statistical significance p < 0.1. Post-hoc multiple comparisons results are denoted by superscript lettering, with conditions not sharing the same lettering being statistically different. The last column is the effect size (partial eta squared) of the visual feedback for statistically significant changes

ISSN: 1743-0003