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Table 5 Task-based assessments with and without robot assistance (R-A)

From: Hand Extension Robot Orthosis (HERO) Grip Glove: enabling independence amongst persons with severe hand impairments after stroke

 

Box & Block Test (BBT)

R-A BBT - Button Mode

R-A BBT - Auto Mode

Δ BBT

Water Bottle Task (WBT)

R-A

WBT

Δ WBT

Fork Task

R-A

Fork Task

Δ Fork Task

P1

0

2b

3b

3

1b

3a

2

1c

6c

5

P2

0

3a

4a

4

2b

4a

2

1c

6c

5

P3

0

3a

3a

3

2b

4

2

n/a

6c

n/a

P4

7a

4a

n/a

−3

n/a

3b

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

P5

0

1a

n/a

1

2

4b

2

n/a

n/a

n/a

P6

0

3a

3a

3

3

6

3

1c

6c

5

P7

2

4

4

2

4

4

0

6

6c

0

P8

0

3

3

3

2b

6

4

5c

6

1

P9

17

4

4

−13

2

4

2

6

6c

0

P10

0

2a

3a

3

2b

4b

2

1c

6c

5

P11

5

3

3

−2

2

6

4

n/a

n/a

n/a

Mean (SD)

2.8 (5.3)

2.9 (0.9)

3.3 (0.5)

0.36 (5.0)

2.2 (0.8)

4.5 (1.1)

2.3 (1.2)

p < 0.01

3.0 (2.5)

6.0 (0)

3.0 (2.5)

p < 0.01

  1. Participants attempted to use their affeceted hand to grasp blocks, transfer them over a barrier and release them. The task was completed without wearing the glove and then while wearing the glove and operating it using the manual and automatic modes. a Signifies participants that supported their affected forearm with their unaffected hand. b Signifies participants whose affected forearm was supported by the researcher
  2. Participants attempted to grasp and lift a water bottle with their affected hand and then hold the water bottle while twisting off the lid with their unaffected hand. This task was then repeated while wearing the HERO Glove, with its assistance controlled by the user using the physical button. Breakdown of the CAHAI scoring metric: 1 – not able to use affected hand, 2 – able to stabilize the object with the affected hand and complete the task with physical assistance, 3 - able to stabilize and manipulate the object with the affected arm and hand with physical assistance, 4 – all components completed with the affected hand with only light touch assistance, 5 – all components completed with only verbal cueing and help donning orthoses, 6 – all components completed without assistance, but with support from assistive devices, 7 – all components completed safely, quickly, and smoothly
  3. Participants attempted to grasp and lift a fork from the table with their affected hand and then hold and manipulate the fork in the air. This task was then repeated while wearing the HERO Glove, with its assistance controlled by the user using the physical button. Breakdown of the TRI-HFT scoring metric: 1 - unable to grasp the object, 2 – able to grasp using a passive grasp but unable to lift the object successfully off the supporting surface, 3 – able to grasp using an active grasp but unable to lift the object successfully off the supporting surface, 4 – able to grasp and lift the object completely off the supporting surface using a passive grasp but unable to manipulate the object, 5 – able to grasp and lift the object completely off the supporting surface using an active grasp but unable to manipulate the object, 6 – able to grasp and lift the object completely off the supporting surface and manipulate the object using a passive grasp appropriately, 7 – able to grasp and lift the object completely off the supporting surface and manipulate the object using an active grasp with normal function. cThe unaffected arm provided assistance to place the fork in the hand and/or support the arm during reaching, lifting and/or manipulation