Upper limb kinematics during the first year after stroke: the stroke arm longitudinal study at the University of Gothenburg (SALGOT)

Table 2 The median and Quantile–Quantile range of kinematic variables in stroke patients at each tested time point and in healthy controls at one time point

	Movement time, s, median[Q, Q]		Movement units, n, median[Q, Q]		Peak hand velocity, cm/s, median[Q, Q]		Time to peak velocity, %, median[Q, Q]		Peak elbow angular velocity, °/s, median[Q, Q]		Arm abduction, °, median[Q, Q]		Trunk displacement, mm, median[Q, Q]
Healthy Controls	6.4	[5.8, 7.4]	6	[5.7, 7.0]	62.2	[54.6, 67.9]	43.9	[39, 48.1]	103.3	[95.5, 126.2]	29.6	[23.4, 36.1]	28.8	[19.5, 42.9]
Time post stroke
3 days	9.4	[7.7, 11.8]***	10.8	[9.1, 14]***	45.0	[39.6, 55.8]***	37.1	[29.6, 44.2]*	75.2	[62.3, 92.1]***	34.6	[29.3, 41.9]*	42.5	[32.7, 66.1]***
2 weeks	7.2	[6.2, 8.8]**	7.3	[6, 10.5]**	52.7	[44.4, 61.6]***	41.2	[37.2, 45.0]	78.0	[65.3, 95.5]***	39.4	[33.0, 44.5]***	41.6	[28.6, 60.1]***
4 weeks	7.2	[6.0, 8.6]	7.3	[6.2, 10]**	53.6	[45.5, 63.0]**	41.5	[36.2, 45.8]	82.6	[67.2, 94.5]***	35.6	[31.2, 43.3]**	37.7	[26.1, 62.7]**
3 months	6.7	[5.8, 7.7]	6.3	[5.5, 8.5]	57.0	[50.5, 66.1]	42.3	[37.0, 47.3]	87.1	[69.8, 101.9]***	35.9	[30.0, 44.8]**	44.3	[29.7, 56.5]***
6 months	6.9	[5.9, 7.7]	7.0	[5.7, 8.4]	58.4	[48.8, 66.0]	40.1	[34.1, 44.8]	95.0	[77.1, 108.2]**	33.4	[29.7, 40.9]*	38.1	[24.9, 51.7]*
12 months	7.3	[5.8, 7.9]	7.5	[5.7, 10.3]*	55.8	[50.6, 61.9]	41.0	[36.3, 45.1]	89.5	[65.5, 105.6]***	35.8	[29.1, 42.0]*	35.1	[28.5, 67.2]**

[Q, Q] – [Lower quantile, upper quantile]
Statistical differences between healthy controls and stroke patients were tested with Mann-Whitney U test and corrected for multiple comparisons using the method of Holm. Significant differences from healthy controls were found at the early time points for movement time, movement units and peak hand velocity, whereas the peak elbow angular velocity, arm abduction and trunk displacement differed from the healthy controls at every time point
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

ISSN: 1743-0003