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Table 2 Descriptive and inferential statistics of clinical and kinematic outcomes

From: Timing-dependent effects of transcranial direct current stimulation with mirror therapy on daily function and motor control in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study

 

Pretreatment

Posttreatment

Between-group

Within-group

SEQ

CON

SHAM

Clinical Variables

SEQ

CON

SHAM

SEQ

CON

SHAM

F

P

η2

t

P

d

t

P

d

t

P

d

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

 NEADL

28.00 ± 7.82

33.42 ± 15.63

23.88 ± 8.82

35.75 ± 10.48

37.00 ± 16.46

24.38 ± 9.98

4.69

0.02*

0.28

3.18

0.02*

0.84

3.60

0.004*

0.22

0.47

0.65

0.05

 FMA

37.50 ± 14.95

36.33 ± 7.91

30.75 ± 9.16

43.25 ± 14.34

41.67 ± 11.41

34.50 ± 10.46

0.27

0.77

0.02

4.36

0.003*

0.39

3.15

0.01*

0.54

3.15

0.02*

0.38

Kinematic Variables

 Trunk RT (sec)

0.29 ± 0.12

0.36 ± 0.14

0.29 ± 0.10

0.31 ± 0.78

0.27 ± 0.59

0.29 ± 0.07

0.53

0.6

0.05

0.56

0.59

0.04

−1.58

0.15

0.21

0.09

0.93

< 0.001

 Index RT (sec)

0.47 ± 0.17

0.53 ± 0.12

0.52 ± 0.20

0.47 ± 0.16

0.44 ± 0.18

0.40 ± 0.09

0.30

0.74

0.03

−0.03

0.98

< 0.001

−1.25

0.24

0.59

− 1.28

0.25

0.77

 Trunk MT (sec)

2.40 ± 0.83

2.17 ± 0.69

2.27 ± 1.24

1.63 ± 0.36

2.09 ± 1.14

1.72 ± 0.58

0.74

0.49

0.07

−2.18

0.07

1.2

−0.23

0.83

0.08

−1.01

0.35

0.57

 Index MT (sec)

2.30 ± 0.80

1.92 ± 0.92

1.88 ± 1.14

1.50 ± 0.37

2.00 ± 1.19

1.66 ± 0.50

0.9

0.42

0.08

−2.38

0.04*

0.3

0.21

0.84

0.08

−0.42

0.69

0.25

 Trunk NTD

1.25 ± 0.35

2.35 ± 3.33

1.09 ± 0.04

1.08 ± 0.48

1.12 ± 0.89

1.16 ± 0.19

0.66

0.53

0.06

−1.29

0.24

0.4

−1.16

0.28

0.5

0.82

0.45

0.51

 Index NTD

1.99 ± 0.55

1.76 ± 0.28

1.46 ± 0.19

1.55 ± 0.28

1.68 ± 0.26

1.84 ± 0.51

0.15

0.87

0.01

−1.63

0.15

1.01

−0.59

0.57

0.3

1.63

0.16

0.98

  1. SEQ Sequential group, CON Concurrent group, SHAM Sham group, FMA Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale of Upper extremity, NEADL Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale, RT reaction time, MT movement time, NTD normalized total displacement. *P≦0.05