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Table 2 Experimental data collected at the first and last minute of each walking trial

From: Walking with a powered ankle-foot orthosis: the effects of actuation timing and stiffness level on healthy users

Trial

Min.

Net met. cost

RMS SOL

Ankle HS

Ankle swing

Hip

Hip

Stance perc

Stride length

Stride length

  

[W/kg]

stance LEFT

ΔROM LEFT

ΔROM LEFT

ΔROM LEFT

ΔROM RIGHT

LEFT [%]

LEFT [m]

RIGHT [m]

   

[%MVIC]

[deg]

[deg]

[deg]

[deg]

   

NW

1

2.63 ±0.29

0.42 ±0.15

-0.03 ±0.13

-0.57 ±1.18

-0.83 ±0.50

-0.60 ±1.10

64.94 ±1.29

1.08 ±0.11

1.08 ±0.11

 

10

2.73 ±0.28

0.40 ±0.15

0.13 ±0.39

-0.18 ±0.61

0.14 ±1.28

0.08 ±1.13

64.46 ±1.06

1.10 ±0.12

1.10 ±0.12

ZT

1

2.90 ±0.45

0.43 ±0.17

-0.33 ±1.37

-2.45 ±1.46

2.26 ±2.69

0.37 ±1.95

62.83 ±1.88

1.11 ±0.13

1.11 ±0.13

 

10

3.13 ±0.31

0.39 ±0.11

-1.05 ±1.77

-2.85 ±1.47

0.97 ±1.98

0.02 ±1.58

62.89 ±1.20

1.10 ±0.14

1.10 ±0.14

ON10

1

2.98 ±0.27

0.28 ±0.09

2.12 ±1.73

4.07 ±4.89

4.54 ±2.91

1.16 ±1.67

62.96 ±1.48

1.15 ±0.10

1.15 ±0.10

 

10

3.05 ±0.21

0.27 ±0.06

1.83 ±1.49

1.63 ±3.79

5.26 ±2.53

1.73 ±1.67

62.51 ±1.15

1.16 ±0.11

1.16 ±0.11

ON20

1

2.96 ±0.23

0.30 ±0.12

2.24 ±1.86

2.57 ±3.66

4.31 ±1.67

1.37 ±1.87

62.79 ±2.24

1.15 ±0.10

1.15 ±0.10

 

10

3.01 ±0.22

0.28 ±0.10

1.65 ±2.05

1.48 ±3.85

5.42 ±2.10

1.73 ±2.08

62.66 ±1.46

1.15 ±0.11

1.15 ±0.11

ON36

1

2.89 ±0.24

0.31 ±0.13

1.99 ±1.86

2.79 ±3.05

3.78 ±2.36

1.70 ±1.93

63.22 ±1.34

1.14 ±0.10

1.14 ±0.10

 

10

2.96 ±0.24

0.29 ±0.11

1.69 ±1.43

0.93 ±3.20

4.91 ±3.21

2.29 ±2.26

62.98 ±1.35

1.15 ±0.10

1.15 ±0.11

PR20

1

3.00 ±0.33

0.30 ±0.08

1.25 ±1.00

2.05 ±2.41

2.34 ±3.25

0.60 ±1.88

62.96 ±1.19

1.10 ±0.11

1.10 ±0.11

 

10

2.93 ±0.23

0.27 ±0.06

1.53 ±1.05

1.41 ±2.55

4.51 ±2.71

2.58 ±2.58

63.14 ±1.28

1.15 ±0.13

1.15 ±0.12

PR40

1

2.93 ±0.32

0.28 ±0.07

1.02 ±1.09

1.64 ±2.96

3.63 ±2.55

1.66 ±1.68

62.77 ±1.36

1.12 ±0.11

1.12 ±0.11

 

10

2.98 ±0.26

0.28 ±0.07

1.06 ±0.89

1.86 ±3.36

4.14 ±3.00

2.06 ±2.95

62.96 ±0.88

1.14 ±0.11

1.14 ±0.11

PR60

1

2.91 ±0.27

0.33 ±0.16

1.90 ±1.66

1.97 ±3.70

2.89 ±2.78

1.44 ±2.45

62.43 ±1.34

1.14 ±0.10

1.13 ±0.10

 

10

3.04 ±0.36

0.29 ±0.09

1.86 ±1.58

0.32 ±3.83

4.18 ±2.96

2.04 ±2.98

62.40 ±0.99

1.15 ±0.10

1.15 ±0.10

  1. Data are given as mean ±standard deviation. The RMS of the left SOL is normalized such that 1 corresponds to the maximum activation recorded during the MVIC exercises. The ankle HS and swing ΔROM and the hip ΔROM are calculated by subtracting the ROM measured during the normal walking trial at minute 2 from the ROM measured during the considered walking trial at minute 1 or 10, respectively.
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Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 1743-0003

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