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Table 2 Kinematic Constructs and Parameters Extracted

From: Can kinematic parameters of 3D reach-to-target movements be used as a proxy for clinical outcome measures in chronic stroke rehabilitation? An exploratory study

Construct

Parameter

Unit

Definition

Efficiency

Movement Time (MT)

Seconds

Time elapsed between movement onset and enda

Accuracy

Trajectory Directness (CurvI)

 

Ratio of the actual movement trajectory between movement initiation and final position, and the straight line joining those two eventsa

Speed

Peak Velocity (Vmax)

cm/s

Maximum velocitya

Planning

Time to Peak Velocity (T%Vmax)

Percentage

Time to achieve maximum velocity, expressed as percentage of the movement durationa

Smoothness

Number of Velocity Peaks (NVP)

 

Number of peaks of the movement velocity trajectory

Log Dimensionless Jerk (LDJ)

 

Negative logarithm of the dimensionless jerk metric

Joint Range of Motion

Range Shoulder Flexion/Extension (ShFE)

Degrees

Range of the shoulder flexion/extension angle between movement onset and end

Range Shoulder Abduction/Adduction (ShAA)

Degrees

Range of the shoulder abduction/adduction angle between movement onset and end

Range Elbow

Flexion/Extension (ElFE)

Degrees

Range of the elbow flexion/extension angle between movement onset and end

Trunk Movement

Range Thorax (Th)

Degrees

Angle of rotation of the shoulders in respect to a projected line between the shoulder markers

Torso Excursion (TExc)

cm

Displacement of the trunk, measured with the clavicle marker

  1. aVariable calculated using the marker positioned on the metacarpal head of the index finger