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Table 2 Comparison of the performance between the ACT and PSV groups at T0, T1 and T2

From: A comparison of the effects and usability of two exoskeletal robots with and without robotic actuation for upper extremity rehabilitation among patients with stroke: a single-blinded randomised controlled pilot study

Variable

ACT group (n = 10)

PSV group (n = 9)

Time * Group

T0

T1

T2

T0

T1

T2

F

p-value

SIS-overall

55.6 ± 12.2

57.9 ± 13.8

59.3 ± 14.1

59.0 ± 13.2

61.8 ± 14.3

63.7 ± 12.7

0.031

0.970

SIS-function

62.1 ± 16.7

56.0 ± 17.0

55.7 ± 15.6

59.5 ± 21.6

65.2 ± 20.8

71.5 ± 18.5

4.965

0.013

SIS-physical

37.3 ± 11.4

42.1 ± 12.6

44.9 ± 14.7

52.8 ± 14.8

49.3 ± 11.6

53.7 ± 16.0

1.765

0.187

SIS-strength

15.3 ± 13.7

23.0 ± 16.3

30.0 ± 18.6

32.1 ± 13.0

34.0 ± 20.9

44.4 ± 19.0

0.301

0.742

SIS-ADL/IADLs

62.6 ± 17.5

59.2 ± 18.8

63.4 ± 16.6

65.7 ± 20.3

67.2 ± 18.5

69.2 ± 24.0

0.261

0.772

SIS-social participation

61.5 ± 26.7

52.8 ± 30.3

47.9 ± 28.9

53.3 ± 24.8

63.1 ± 26.2

73.8 ± 24.4

6.388

0.004

  1. ACT, active-assistive robotic intervention; PSV, passive robotic intervention; SIS, Stroke Impact Scale; IADLs, instrumental ADLs; ADLs, activities of daily living