Skip to main content

Table 5 Activity classes and sensor placement of the statistical machine learning approaches

From: Systematic review on the application of wearable inertial sensors to quantify everyday life motor activity in people with mobility impairments

First author

# of classes

Names of classes

# of sensors

Sensor positions

Type of sensors

Ahmadi [61]

4

Sedentary (lying and sitting), standing, comfortable walking, and brisk walking

2

Pelvis and forearm (dominant side)

ACC

Albert [52]

4

Lying, sitting, standing, and walking

1

Pelvis

ACC

Albert [43], Sok [50]

6

Lying, sitting, standing, walking, stair climbing, and wheeling

1

Pelvis

ACC

Andreu-Perez [48]

10

Lying, sitting, standing, lying-to-sitting, sitting-to-lying, lying-standing, standing-to-lying, sitting-to-standing, standing-to-sitting, and walking

1

Pelvis

ACC

Biswas [110, 111]

3

Reaching and retrieving, lifting cup to mouth, and pouring and (un)locking

1

Forearm (affected side)

ACC and GYRO

Brogioli [29], Popp [32]

2

Passive and active wheeling

4

Trunk, forearm (bilateral), and wheelchair

ACC and GYRO

Capela [46]

6

Lying, sitting, standing, walking, stair climbing, and activities of daily living

1

Pelvis

ACC

Capela [47]

6

Lying, sitting, standing, walking, stair climbing, and activities of daily living

1

Pelvis

ACC and GYRO

Cheng [49]

6

Lying, sitting, standing, walking, stair climbing, and running

1

Pelvis

ACC and GYRO

Ding [100]

4

Static, non-wheeling activity, passive wheeling, and active wheeling

2

Forearm (dominant side) and wheelchair

ACC (forearm) and RS (wheelchair)

Fortune [99]

3

Static, non-wheeling activity, and active wheeling

3

Trunk and upper arm (bilateral)

ACC and GYRO

García-Massó [62]

5

Sedentary (lying, sitting, and passive wheeling), transferring while sitting, active wheeling, housework, and arm-ergometer

2

Forearm (bilateral)

ACC

Hester [87]

10

Walking, walking on uneven surfaces, walking up a ramp, walking down a ramp, stair climbing up, stair climbing down, walking over an object, turning, walking while carrying an object, and opening a door

5

Forearm (bilateral), shank (bilateral), and walking aid

ACC and GYRO

Hester [88]

10

Walking, walking on uneven surfaces, walking up a ramp, walking down a ramp, stair climbing up, stair climbing down, walking over an object, turning, walking while carrying an object, and opening a door

2

Shank (right) and walking aid

ACC

Hiremath [101]

7

Static, passive wheeling, active wheeling, housework, activities of daily living, arm-ergometer, and playing basketball

3

Upper arm (dominant side), forearm (dominant side), and wheelchair

ACC (upper arm and forearm) and GYRO (wheelchair)

Jalloul [42]

7

Lying, sitting, standing, walking, eating, writing, and reading

6

Neck, upper arm (unilateral), forearm (unilateral), pelvis, thigh (unilateral), and shank (unilateral)

ACC and GYRO and MAG

Kiani [37, 38]

6

Lying, sitting, standing, transitions, walking, and unlabeled

3

Trunk, thigh (left and right)

ACC

Laudanski [83]

5

Walking, stair climbing up (step over step), stair climbing up (step by step), stair climbing down (step over step), and stair climbing down (step by step)

2

Shank (bilateral)

ACC and GYRO

Leuenberger [84]

3

Walking, stair climbing up, and stair climbing down

5

Trunk, forearm (bilateral), and shank (bilateral)

ACC and BARO

Lonini [54]

5

Sitting, standing, walking, stair climbing up, and stair climbing down

1

Pelvis

ACC

O’Brien [45]

6

Lying, sitting, standing, walking, stair climbing up, and stair climbing down

1

Pelvis

ACC and GYRO and BARO

Popp [90]

4

Sedentary, low intensity, high intensity, and walking

3

Trunk, forearm (affected side), and shank (non-affected side)

GYRO and BARO

Popp [98]

3

Low intensity, high intensity, and active wheeling

4

Trunk, forearm (bilateral), and wheelchair

ACC and GYRO

Recher [59]

7

Sitting, standing, sitting-to-standing, standing-to-sitting, walking sideways, stair climbing, and moving objects

8

Trunk, pelvis, thigh (bilateral), shank (bilateral), and foot (bilateral)

ACC and GYRO and MAG

Roy [57]

11

Supine-to-sitting, sitting, sitting-to-standing, walking, tooth brushing, hair combing, bowel movement, shirt buttoning, pant lifting, food cutting, and food lifting

8

Abdomen, lower back (bilateral), upper arm (bilateral), forearm (bilateral), thigh (affected side)

ACC

Seiter [113]

6

Resting (lying & sitting), eating and leisure, cognitive training, medical fitness, kitchen work, and motor training

3

Forearm (bilateral) and thigh (non-affected side)

ACC

Teknomo [51]

4

Sitting, walking, stair climbing, and running

1

Shank (non-affected side)

ACC

Wade [55]

4

Sitting, standing, walking, and stair climbing

5

Pelvis, thigh (bilateral), shank (bilateral)

ACC

Wu [85], Xu [91]

1

Walking

2

Shank (bilateral)

ACC

  1. # Number, ACC accelerometer, BARO barometric pressure sensor, GYRO gyroscope, MAG magnetometer, RS reed switch