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Table 10 Reported outcomes for articles in the category cerebral palsy

From: Virtual reality and non-invasive brain stimulation for rehabilitation applications: a systematic review

Article

Evaluation method

Outcome

Effect

[37]

Evaluation was performed on the same day before and after the intervention. The evaluation method consisted in the timed-up-and-go (TUG) test or placebo) combined with VR training

For the VR-tDCS group there was a within group improvement in the TUG test. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the VR-tDCS and VR-sham groups

Neutral

[26]

Evaluation was performed on the same day before and after the intervention. The displacement of the center of pressure (COP) of the feet in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions was used to analyze body sway in four conditions: eyes open or closed with ground or foam mat as support base

From the analysis of body sway, for the VR-sham group sway velocity in ML direction was significantly different with the foam mat support for eyes closed and open, and for ground support with eyes open. For the VR-tDCS group sway velocity in ML direction was significantly different with the foam mat support for eyes closed and open, and sway velocities in AP and ML directions were significant for the ground support for both eye conditions. No significant differences were reported for between VR-sham and VR-tDCS groups

Neutral

[38]

Evaluation was performed before, immediately after, and one-month after the intervention. The evaluation methods included: gait analysis, the gross motor function measure (dimensions D and E), the pediatric evaluation disability inventory (PEDI) and the motor cortex excitability measured through the amplitude of MEPs

Gait velocity showed significant improvement in the post-treatment evaluation for both VR-sham and VR-tDCS groups. While gait cadence was only significant improved in the VR-tDCS group. Analysis between groups showed that the improvements in gait velocity and cadence were significantly better in the VR-tDCS group. This significant improvement was observed for the gross motor function measures. There were also significant changes in the MEP amplitudes for the VR-tDCS group, but not for the VR-sham group

Positive