Adaptive conjunctive cognitive training (ACCT) in virtual reality for chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled pilot trial

Table 3 Between-group analysis of baseline ASCS (T0) as well as improvement in ASCS after treatment (T1 – T0) and at follow-up (T2 – T0)

ASCS	EG (n = 16)	CG (n = 14)	p
	Mean (SD) – Median [2.5^th – 97.5^th percentile]		W_s
Attention
T0	-0.35 (0.88) – -0.28 [-2.11 – 1.22]	-0.16 (0.83) – 0.11 [-1.78 – 0.89]	.39
T1 – T0	0.22 (0.39) – 0.17 [-0.44 – 0.89]	0.17 (0.50) – 0.17 [-0.78 – 1.00]	.80
T2 – T0	0.41 (0.46) – 0.44 [-0.44 – 1.33]	0.19 (0.32) – 0.17 [-0.44 – 0.78]	.21
Memory
T0	-0.76 (0.69) – -0.57 [-2.27 – 0.05]	-0.72 (0.82) – -0.54 [-2.38 – 0.40]	.85
T1 – T0	0.21 (0.50) – 0.23 [-0.70 – 1.22]	0.20 (0.31) – 0.10 [-0.30 – 0.76]	.82
T2 – T0	0.33 (0.65) – 0.47 [-0.73 – 1.71]	0.34 (0.51) – 0.34 [-0.47 – 1.29]	.79
EF
T0	-0.34 (1.01) – -0.34 [-1.64 – 1.32]	-0.45 (1.38) – -0.27 [-2.67 – 1.79]	.92
T1 – T0	0.05 (0.61) – 0.04 [-1.55 – 0.96]	0.17 (0.54) – 0.17 [-0.30 – 0.76]	.57
T2 – T0	0.19 (0.62) – 0.22 [-0.85 – 1.55]	0.17 (0.56) – 0.18 [-1.25 – 1.00]	.79
SA
T0	-2.88 (6.57) – -0.39 [-25.17 – 0.50]	-0.58 (1.44) – 0.05 [-3.93 – 0.50]	.45
T1 – T0	2.21 (6.55) – 0.88 [-6.19 – 24.78]	0.38 (1.08) – 0.00 [-0.88 – 2.65]	.24
T2 – T0	3.21 (6.57) – 0.88 [-0.88 – 25.66]	0.06 (1.95) – 0.00 [-5.31 – 2.65]	.10
GCF
T0	-0.56 (0.79) – -0.44 [-1.92 – 0.39]	-0.38 (0.90) – 0.00 [-2.00 – 0.69]	.49
T1 – T0	0.36 (0.36) – 0.34 [-0.06 – 0.90]	0.21 (0.45) – 0.13 [-0.31 – 1.27]	.12
T2 – T0	0.44 (0.42) – 0.54 [-0.56 – 1.17]	0.22 (0.37) – 0.14 [-0.22 – 0.90]	.12

The differences at baseline and in improvement from baseline at T1 and T2 between groups were evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test W_s. The table shows the p-values (p) of the comparisons. ASCS average standardized composite score, CG control group, GCF generalized cognitive functioning, EF executive functioning, EG experimental group, LOCF last observation carried forward, SA spatial awareness

ISSN: 1743-0003