Fig. 3

Data analysis methodology. a Background and reflexive EMG activity were calculated using the perturbation onset as reference. Background activity was based on the 40 ms period before perturbation onset, while reflexive activity was based on a 20 ms period about 40 ms after perturbation onset. b Absolute and c normalized correlation analysis. Both plots show a representative example using the intrinsic stiffness and SOL background EMG outcome measures collected at a 0 Nm torque target. A total least squares (TLS) fit shows the slope and intercept of the datasets of each individual participant