Table 2 Mean (SD) estimates of kinematic measures
From: Effect of post-stroke spasticity on voluntary movement of the upper limb
Measure | Control | Stroke | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NC | FC | CL | IL | NC | FC | CL | IL | |
GMM comp | 6.00 (0.58) | 5.77 (1.01) | 5.85 (0.69) | 5.47 (1.20) | 10.35 (1.16) | 11.55 (1.35) | 11.48 (1.39) | 10.96 (1.38) |
HDa | 0.39 (0.11) | 0.42 (0.11) | 0.44 (0.13) | 0.42 (0.14) | 0.74 (0.17) | 0.75 (0.13) | 0.76 (0.16) | 0.76 (0.14) |
BKLDa | 1.42 (0.78) | 1.78 (1.10) | 1.75 (1.11) | 2.34 (3.60) | 18.40 (16.55) | 27.68 (27.60) | 33.19 (33.07) | 32.74 (32.28) |
Log-BKLDa | 0.16 (0.73) | 0.41 (0.62) | 0.3 (0.86) | 0.28 (0.95) | 2.43 (1.09) | 2.80 (1.11) | 2.92 (1.23) | 2.91 (1.17) |
Movement time (s) | 0.65 (0.15) | 0.68 (0.15) | 0.70 (0.16) | 0.67 (0.17) | 1.64 (0.51) | 1.71 (0.56) | 1.80 (0.59) | 1.67 (0.57) |
Final elbow extension angle (°) | 80.95 (8.63) | 101.58 (12.07) | 98.41 (12.48) | 100.11 (10.64) | 89.34 (40.46) | 98.07 (14.59) | 96.48 (15.16) | 99.98 (13.72) |
Mean elbow velocity (°/s) | 244.29 (50.44) | 224.85 (36.12) | 226.13 (41.11) | 218.84 (50.82) | 89.37 (40.46) | 85.99 (36.48) | 86.81 (36.26) | 80.66 (34.35) |
Peak elbow velocity (°/s) | 693.00 (151.82) | 701.92 (138.08) | 707.34 (149.93) | 845.02 (166.65) | 178.61 (108.08) | 185.14 (113.56) | 195.16 (109.88) | 175.64 (105.12) |
Number of elbow velocity peaks (#) | 1.83 (0.97) | 1.79 (1.12) | 1.82 (0.97) | 1.83 (1.15) | 7.36 (3.36) | 7.88 (3.83) | 8.43 (3.94) | 7.41 (3.62) |