Table 3 The comparison of changes between the 4-channel and 2-channel NMES groups
| Â | Â | 4ch NMES | 2ch NMES | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
VDS | Lip closure | − 0.4 ± 0.9 | − 0.2 ± 1.0 | 0.74 |
|  | Bolus formation | − 0.4 ± 0.7 | − 0.8 ± 1.0 | 0.38 |
|  | Mastication | − 0.8 ± 1.4 | − 0.2 ± 1.1 | 0.53 |
|  | Apraxia | − 0.4 ± 0.5 | − 0.3 ± 0.5 | 0.61 |
|  | Tongue to palate contact | − 1.3 ± 1.7 | − 0.2 ± 0.8 | 0.12 |
|  | Premature bolus loss | − 0.8 ± 0.9 | − 0.1 ± 0.7 | 0.08 |
|  | Oral transit time | − 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.1 ± 0.5 | 0.12 |
|  | Trigger of pharyngeal swallow | − 0.9 ± 1.5 | − 0.4 ± 0.9 | 0.53 |
|  | Vallecular residue | − 1.0 ± 1.0 | − 0.6 ± 0.9 | 0.32 |
|  | Laryngeal elevation | − 0.8 ± 1.8 | − 0.4 ± 1.4 | 0.79 |
|  | Pyriform sinus residue | − 0.9 ± 2.8 | − 0.4 ± 1.4 | 0.61 |
|  | Coat on the pharyngeal wall | − 1.1 ± 2.0 | − 1.2 ± 2.1 | 0.93 |
|  | Pharyngeal transit time | − 0.0 ± 0.0 | − 0.3 ± 1.6 | 0.74 |
|  | Aspiration | − 3.5 ± 3.3 | − 1.9 ± 3.9 | 0.24 |
|  | Oral score | − 4.5 ± 3.2 | − 1.7 ± 2.0 | 0.032* |
|  | Pharyngeal score | − 8.3 ± 6.8 | − 5.2 ± 6.1 | 0.260 |
|  | Total score | − 12.7 ± 8.8 | − 6.9 ± 6.8 | 0.044* |
PAS |  | − 2.1 ± 2.0 | − 1.0 ± 1.9 | 0.21 |
MDADI | Global | 10.0 ± 18.1 | 12.0 ± 23.5 | 0.923 |
|  | Emotional | 9.2 ± 11.6 | 10.3 ± 11.3 | 0.582 |
|  | Functional | 7.7 ± 11.9 | 8.8 ± 14.5 | 0.771 |
|  | Physical | 7.9 ± 9.2 | 7.3 ± 10.8 | 0.821 |
FOIS |  | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.051 |
Likert scale |  | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 0.786 |