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Table 2 Baseline of outcome measures

From: Augmented efficacy of intermittent theta burst stimulation on the virtual reality-based cycling training for upper limb function in patients with stroke: a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial

 

sham iTBS + VCT

iTBS + VCT

p-value

FMA-UE

34.55 ± 18.34

43.58 ± 15.35

0.288

MAS-UE

0.94 ± 0.69

0.87 ± 0.54

0.786

ARAT

17.09 ± 18.11

25.75 ± 22.69

0.487

GM

4.73 ± 1.68

5.33 ± 2.87

0.608

Grasp

5.55 ± 6.65

8.75 ± 8.01

0.288

Grip

3.00 ± 4.31

5.42 ± 5.16

0.379

Pinch

3.82 ± 6.31

6.25 ± 7.40

0.379

BBT

11.40 ± 16.02

18.72 ± 18.84

0.379

NHPTa

4.02 ± 8.82

7.86 ± 11.88

0.413

MAL (AOU)

42.64 ± 31.04

33.92 ± 42.40

0.316

MAL (QOM)

46.55 ± 40.89

35.17 ± 42.58

0.379

SIS

57.09 ± 8.61

58.06 ± 12.79

0.833

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation
  2. iTBS intermittent theta burst stimulation, VCT virtual reality-based cycling training, MAS-UE Modified Ashworth Scale-Upper Extremity, FMA-UE Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity, ARAT Action Research Arm Test, GM gross movement, BBT Box and Block Test, NHPT Nine Hole Peg Test, MAL(AOU) Motor Activity Log (Amount of Use), MAL (QOM) Motor Activity Log (Quality of Movement), SIS Stroke Impact Scale
  3. aThe unit of NHPT is number of pegs/minute