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Fig. 6 | Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

Fig. 6

From: Reducing the metabolic energy of walking and running using an unpowered hip exoskeleton

Fig. 6

Changes in muscle activities during walking and running. A and C the activity of tibialis anterior (major ankle dorsiflexor), soleus (major ankle plantar flexor), gastrocnemius (major ankle plantar flexor), rectus femoris (major hip flexor and knee extensor) and semitendinosus (major hip extensor and knee flexor) during walking and running. B and D columns, average muscle activity over the whole gait cycle for each condition. All values were measured using electromyography and normalized to the maximum value in no exoskeleton condition (NE). N = 9; bars, mean; error bars, s.e.m; P values, mixed-model two-way ANOVA (random effect: participant; fixed effect: spring stiffness). *Indicates a significant difference compared to NE condition (two-sided paired t-test, p < 0.05)

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