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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of both groups

From: Technology-supported sitting balance therapy versus usual care in the chronic stage after stroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial

 

Experimental group

Control group

 
 

N = 15

N = 15

p-value independent t-test

Age (mean ± SD)

54.20

11.46

49.07

13.99

0.28

Sex

  Female (n)

 

7

 

8

 

  Male (n)

 

8

 

7

 

Type of stroke

0.72

  Ischaemic (n)

 

7

 

10

 

  Haemorrhagic (n)

 

7

 

5

 

Hemiplegic side

0.48

  Left (n)

 

8

 

5

 

  Right (n)

 

6

 

10

 

Dominant side

0.33

  Left (n)

 

2

 

1

 

  Right (n)

 

12

 

13

 

  Bilateral (n)

   

1

 

Time since stroke in days (mean ± SD)

1913

2834

1177

1375

0.39

phq-9 [0–27] (mean ± SD)

6.47

3.46

3.87

4.31

0.08

Laterality index star cancellation [0–1] (mean ± SD)

0.48

0.07

0.50

0.01

0.33

MoCa [0–30] (mean ± SD)

25.67

4.37

26.33

2.35

0.61

Fall ratio last month (n) (mean + range)

0.29

0–1

0.07

0–1

0.13

2-Minute Walk Test in m (mean ± SD)

104.05

53.54

104.86

48.86

0.97

Functional Ambulation Category

0.33

  0 (n)

 

1

 

1

 

  1 (n)

 

0

 

0

 

  2 (n)

 

0

 

2

 

  3 (n)

 

4

 

4

 

  4 (n)

 

5

 

8

 

  5 (n)

 

4

 

0

 

10 Metre Walk Test, comfortable speed in m/s (mean ± SD)

0.76

0.32

0.81

0.35

0.68

10 Metre Walk Test, maximum speed in m/s (mean ± SD)

1.08

0.49

1.12

0.56

0.82

Trunk Impairment Scale [0–23] (mean ± SD)

11.80

3.10

12.40

3.60

0.63

Fugl-Meyer of Lower Extremities [0–34] (median ± IQR)

24.00

17

24.00

8

0.84

Forward Reach in cm (mean ± SD)

37.42

6.14

41.06

7.8

0.17

Reach to the affected side in cm (mean ± SD)

23.25

7.24

25.58

4.27

0.29

Reach to the less affected side in cm (median ± IQR)

28.25

11.50

28.75

5.00

0.39

Backwards Reach in cm (mean ± SD)

39.18

10.21

39.81

7.11

0.85

Berg Balance Scale [0–56] (median ± IQR)

50

14

50

9

1.00

Functional Independence Measure

  Cognition [5–34] (mean ± SD)

28.27

5.86

31.47

3.83

0.09

  Motor [13–91] (median ± IQR)

80

18

81

10

0.87

  Total [18–126] (median ± IQR)

107

9

112

21

0.43

Modified Barthel Index [0–20] (median ± IQR)

18

4

19

3

0.49

Total rehabilitation time in hours (mean ± SD)

14.43

15.24

15.23

13.84

0.89

  1. SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, n number, N total number, cm centimeter, m metre, s seconds, MoCa Montreal cognitive assessment, phq-9 patient health questionnaire